Perceiving Drilling Learning Through Visualization

Unexpected incidents leading to lost time when the rig is on location cause unplanned cost to the hydrocarbon industry of over one billion dollars annually. Processing and interpretation of 3D seismic data usually focuses on reservoir levels. But from a drillers perspective, geological features of the overburden are often more significant than those at reservoir level, since over 90% of the well is typically spent drilling the overburden, coping with a wider variety of challenges than those associated with the reservoir itself. 3D seismic data defines overburden tectonostratigraphy, the framework of a geological model that can be used in well planning to reduce geological uncertainty, surprises and expense along the whole well track. Many technologies applied in reservoir modelling are equally valid in defining overburden features relevant to well planning. The overburden 3D volume can be populated with key parameters for well design, such as pore pressure and geomechanical attributes, though the complexity of the model will often be restricted by well cost and perception of drilling risk. The role of 3D seismic data in forming the tectonostratigraphic framework of multi-attribute, kilometre-scale Earth models, is illustrated here by a number of examples where model sophistication has been scaled to match project requirements. Overburden Earth models also provide a framework where several "academic" research themes, for instance 3D fault geometry, can be put into a commercial context. Construction of overburden models for well planning has also highlighted a number of future geological research areas that could have a significant impact on drilling performance. Some of these, such as hydraulic properties of fault systems, are highlighted here.No petroleum industry operating company has a global monopoly of best in class drilling performance ('best in class' is defined here as fewest days per depth drilling performance in a given fairway or trend). Gaps between performance of a specific well and best in class arise from the sum of non productive time events (unplanned time where no hole is being made) and 'train wrecks' (major events where drilling has to be abandoned and restarted). Many of these incidents occur in the overburden section between the mud line and top reservoir (Fig. 1)--a zone often neglected in terms of geological input to well planning. The annual cost to the industry of these incidents in offshore wells alone is in the order of one and a half billion dollars (Table 1). This cost estimate discounts the effects of weather and time lost to equipment failure. A further element of the gap between performance of a given well and best in class can be attributed to operational inefficiency (Bond et al. 1996), which has not been factorized in the numbers shown in Table 1. 3D seismic data inherently provides the fundamental framework of a 3D model that spans the entire overburden. This represents a broader use of 3D seismic data than more usual reservoir-specific application, We term the kilometre-scale ...

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“…4. Example of database viewed in 3D (see also Sanstrom & Hawkins 2000). Vertical scale exaggerated • 3.…”

Section: Calculated Geocellular Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Holt etal. 2000;Sanstrom & Hawkins 2000;Wright et al 2001). Like seismic data, drilling data require some interpretative 'processing' before it can usefully be loaded into an Earth model.…”

Section: Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Drilling Performance through Integration of Seismic, Geological and Drilling Data

Stewart

Holt

2004

Memoirs

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“…Currently, some efforts have been made on drilling 3D visualization; however, most of them are traditional desktop software which cannot provide online service for RTOC. At present, some companies built such visualization products: 3D visualization software enables drilling engineers, geophysical engineers, geological engineers, and reservoir engineers to work with the same data volume environment, breaking professional and geographical constraints, and making multidisciplinary [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Combination really becomes a reality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Platform Drilling 3D Visualization System Based on WebGL

Liu

Feng

Wang

et al. 2021

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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This study develops a novel drilling 3D visualization solution based on WebGL, termed as WebDrillingViz, and introduces the system architecture design and software programming implementation. The software is part of the Engineering Technology Internet of Things (IoT) System, interfacing with other software, and also capable of direct hardware interfacing for data retrieval and system control. It is fully web-based, used real time, and used in RTOC (Real-Time Operating Center) of IoT system, which is a software system for drilling process remote monitor and decision. WebDrillingViz uses the most frontier HTML5 technology to realize a brand-new drilling 3D visualization system. The front end is designed in single-page application (SPA) mode and adopts technologies such as angular, bootstrap, and WebGL. The front-end uses single page application (SPA) mode, Angular, Bootstrap, WebGL and other technologies are used. The back-end data services provide data interface support for front-end visualization applications based on HTTP protocol which uses NodeJS, a lightweight development platform suitable for cloud platform, and Restify to realize a REST JSON API. Both sides are using the same object-oriented oriented development language—TypeScript. The front-end develops an easy-to-extend 3D visualization class library based on WebGL for drilling. It is encapsulated as Angular modularization to form an Angular component, which can be used standalone or integrated into other Angular applications. At the same time, the back-end microservice architecture combined with container and cloud technology is easy to maintain, deploy, and expand and has the advantages of being lightweight, cross-platform, flexible, and efficient. Using HTML5 standard and Bootstrap's responsive layout achieves cross-platform, which can support different operating systems and screen sizes. The system has better robustness and maintainability, thanks to the object-oriented and strong typing characteristics of TypeScript. Practical application shows that WebDrillingViz is efficient, capable of visualization of large drilling 3D scene, and compatible with mainstream devices, such as Windows, Linux, macOS, iOS, and Android. The use of open standards-based modern web technologies and data format enables a more lightweight and economical solution. WebGL, Angular, NodeJS, and TypeScript formed a powerful technology stack, which can be used as an excellent reference for other browser-based visualization development.

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“…Based on the above algorithm and computer visible language (Xiong 2007;Zhichuan and Kai 2013;Sanstrom and . .…”

Section: Visualization Software Of 3d Formation Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of 3D formation pressure based on logging data

Sheng

Guan

Wei

2016

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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A method for constructing regional 3D formation pressure based on logging data was established in this paper. It aims to deal with the problem of constructing regional 3D formation pressure in the block which is short of the seismic data or has poor quality of seismic data. To begin with, logging data and core data of drilled wells were collected. Making full use of the fine continuity and accurate resolving capability of logging data, we calculated the formation pressure of drilled wells based on the Eaton law. In addition, based on the concept of digital strata, the concept of formation matrix was put forward. What is more, formation matrix of the aimed layer group was built by making use of the drilled well formation pressure based on the epitaxial transfer algorithm. Finally, we realized the description of the regional 3D formation pressure. To verify the reliability of the method, one drilled well formation pressure was derived from the 3D formation pressure. It was compared with the pressure interpreted by the logging data. The maximum error was less than 5 %. Finally, by using the computer visible language, the software of describing 3D formation pressure was developed. And it is conductive to drilling engineer to predict formation pressure which can provide the basis for the casing design and the selection of the drilling fluid density.

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Perceiving Drilling Learning Through Visualization

Cited by 5 publications

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Improved Drilling Performance through Integration of Seismic, Geological and Drilling Data

Improved Drilling Performance through Integration of Seismic, Geological and Drilling Data

Cross-Platform Drilling 3D Visualization System Based on WebGL

Analysis of 3D formation pressure based on logging data

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