Perceived speech rate: The effects of articulation rate and speaking style in spontaneous speech

Koreman, Jacques

doi:10.1121/1.2133436

Cited by 54 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We chose this definition rather than the number of syllables per second that were actually produced, because the former measure can be estimated more reliably (as it is based on orthographic rather than phonetic transcriptions). The two measures are highly correlated and research by Koreman (2006) showed that they both contribute to listeners' perception of speech rate. Since speech rate was clearly higher in the components with unscripted than with scripted speech, we orthogonalised the predictors Speech Rate and Component Group by replacing Speech Rate by the residuals of a linear model predicting Speech Rate as a function of Component Group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of speech situation on the occurrence of reduced word pronunciation variants

Ernestus

Hanique

Verboom

2015

Journal of Phonetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article presents two studies investigating how the situation in which speech is uttered affects the frequency with which words are reduced. Study 1 is based on the Spoken Dutch Corpus, which consists of 15 components, nearly all representing a different speech situation. This study shows that the components differ in how often ten semantically weak words are highly reduced. The differences are especially large between the components with scripted and unscripted speech. Within the component group of unscripted speech, the formality of the situation shows an effect. Study 2 investigated segment reduction in a shadowing experiment in which participants repeated Dutch carefully and casually articulated sentences. Prefixal schwa and suffixal /t/ were absent in participants' responses to both sentences types as often as in formal interviews. If a segment was absent, this appeared to be mostly due to extreme coarticulation, unlike in speech produced in less formal situations. Speakers thus adapted more to the formal situation of the experiment than to the stimuli to be shadowed. We conclude that speech situation affects the occurrence of reduced word pronunciation variants, which should be accounted for by psycholinguistic models of speech production and comprehension.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of speech situation on the occurrence of reduced word pronunciation variants

Ernestus

Hanique

Verboom

2015

Journal of Phonetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For studies that use discourse-length materials (e.g., Anderson-Hsieh & Koehler, 1988;Lin, 2006), calculations of speaking rate are the norm, even though such rates provide no information regarding the frequency, duration, location, or type of pause phenomena. Given that studies by Jacobs et al (1988) and Blau (1990) Additional speech rate measures in the literature include realized phones per second (or the actual consonant and vowel segments in the utterance) and intended phones per second (or the canonical or unreduced form which the utterance could maximally take; Koreman, 2006). For example, a speaker who says wanna for want to deletes the t sound, resulting in one fewer realized phones than intended phones.…”

Section: Speech Rate Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In turn, increased articulatory rate is associated with, for example, decreases in vowel duration, second formant (F2) vowel onsets, and stop closure intervals, as well as with increases in coarticulation, deletion of consonant or vowel segments, and reduction in pitch range and pitch resets (e.g., Guion, Flege, Akahane-Yamada, & Pruitt, 2000;Koreman, 2006;Lindblom, Sussman, & Agwuele, 2009). As segment durations decrease (relative to some slower rate), speakers may undershoot or hypoarticulate segments given that they will have less time to reach the intended motor targets (e.g., Byrd & Tan, 1996;Lindblom et al, 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

What makes listening difficult? Factors affecting second language listening comprehension

Bloomfield¹,

Wayland²,

Rhoades³

et al. 2010

121

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Factors affecting second language listening comprehension gies-that is, those who are aware of and use effective strategies, such as avoiding mental translation-demonstrate better L2 listening comprehension. 2 In addition to these general cognitive abilities, a number of factors pertaining to experience with the L2 influence listening skill. These factors include the amount of prior exposure to the language; familiarity with and an ability to understand the non-native language's phonology; vocabulary size; and background knowledge about the topic, text, structure, schema, and culture.Familiarity with the L2 changes the extent to which the L2 listener uses top-down or bottom-up strategies in listening. For example, expert listeners use both types of strategies: They are able to accurately make sense of the speech signal (bottom-up information) 3 and integrate this information with PurPose-To establish what is currently known about factors that affect foreign language listening comprehension, with a focus on characteristics of the listener, passage, and testing conditions.ConClusions-Research on second language (L2) listening comprehension strongly supports the importance of a number of factors, for example, a listener's working memory capacity and the number of ideas in a passage. Much of the research, however, reports weak or inconclusive results, leaving many factors and complex interactions among factors unresolved and in need of further investigation.relevanCe-Identifying the factors that affect L2 listening comprehension will help Defense Language Institute Proficiency Test (DLPT) designers anticipate how qualities of selected authentic materials will impact listening comprehension. Executive Summary PurPoseThe U.S. Government administers the Defense Language Proficiency Test (DLPT) to military linguists and other government personnel to assess their listening and reading comprehension in a number of foreign languages, including critical languages such as Mandarin, Modern Standard Arabic, Egyptian Arabic, and Persian Farsi. The DLPT is updated every 10 to 15 years, and the most recent transition-from DLPT IV to DLPT5-included a greater emphasis on testing listening comprehension with authentic materials. In turn, this has led to a growing interest in the factors that make second language (L2) listening difficult.To examine these factors, CASL reviewed the current scientific literature and summarized the characteristics of listeners, passages, and testing conditions. The review targeted features of particular interest to stakeholders at the Defense Language Institute (DLI). The long-term goal of the project is to support the selection of authentic listening materials that accurately reflect different proficiency levels. ConClusionsAlthough the available research on L2 listening comprehension is limited, CASL's literature review identified several factors that affect listening comprehension. These factors are summarized below and in Tables 1, 2, and 3. 1 Characteristics of the listenerUnderstanding a fo...

show abstract

“…It is also the variable on which listeners mainly rely to perceptually evaluate the pace at which an utterance is produced (Koreman, 2006;Lane & Grosjean, 1973). In fact, AR refers to the number of units (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional variation and articulation rate in French

Schwab¹,

Avanzi²

2015

Journal of Phonetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present investigation deals with regional variation and articulation rate in French. The articulation rate in read speech and in spontaneous speech was examined in seven variants of French: Paris and Lyon in France; Tournai and Liège in Belgium; Geneva, Neuchâtel and Nyon in Switzerland. Results showed that Swiss speakers articulate at a lower syllable rate than French speakers (especially Parisian speakers) and Belgian speakers, independently of the speaking style (reading or conversation). This finding confirms that articulation rate varies regionally. Moreover, results revealed that extralinguistic and linguistic factors, such as the speaker's age and gender, the speaking style, the utterance length and the articulation rate of the adjacent inter-pause chunk, also affect articulation rate. AbstractThe present investigation deals with regional variation and articulation rate in French. The articulation rate in read speech and in spontaneous speech was examined in seven variants of French: Paris and Lyon in France; Tournai and Liège in Belgium; Geneva, Neuchâtel and Nyon in Switzerland. Results showed that Swiss speakers articulate at a lower syllable rate than French speakers (especially Parisian speakers) and Belgian speakers, independently of the speaking style (reading or conversation). This finding confirms that articulation rate varies regionally. Moreover, results revealed that extra-linguistic and linguistic factors, such as the speaker's age and gender, the speaking style, the utterance length and the articulation rate of the adjacent inter-pause chunk, also affect articulation rate.

show abstract

Perceived speech rate: The effects of articulation rate and speaking style in spontaneous speech

Cited by 54 publications

References 15 publications

The effect of speech situation on the occurrence of reduced word pronunciation variants

The effect of speech situation on the occurrence of reduced word pronunciation variants

What makes listening difficult? Factors affecting second language listening comprehension

Regional variation and articulation rate in French

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About