Perceived spasticity in chronic spinal cord injured patients: Associations with psychological factors

Voerman, Gerlienke; Erren-Wolters, Cathelijne V.; Fleuren, J.F.M.; Hermens, Hermie; Geurts, Alexander C. H.

doi:10.3109/09638280903304490

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…19 As the focus of this paper is on psychosocial issues, papers on relationships between SWB and disablement factors, 14 secondary condition, 20 and environmental factors, 21 except for social support, 19,22 have been excluded, as well as papers on the importance of psychosocial factors as predictors of functional outcomes, 23 pain 24 and other secondary conditions. 25,26 RESULTS Life satisfaction of people with SCI Mean life satisfaction scores are instrument dependent and need a reference to reveal meaningful information. Several studies have compared life satisfaction of people with long-standing SCI with that of the general population (Figure 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial issues in spinal cord injury: a review

2012

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Study design: Review. Objectives: To review literature on subjective well-being (SWB; mental health and life satisfaction) and on psychological and social support factors associated with these outcomes in people with spinal cord injury (SCI), in order to identify gaps in scientific knowledge and recommend research priorities. Setting: Non applicable. Methods: Narrative review of the SCI literature on life satisfaction and mental health (depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress syndrome) outcomes in people with SCI. Further, reviews were performed of the SCI literature on psychological and social support variables associated with SWB and on psychosocial interventions aimed to improve SWB. Results: People with SCI experience, on average, higher levels of distress and lower levels of life satisfaction compared with the general population. Individual differences, however, are large, and most people with SCI adapt well to their condition. A set of psychological and social support factors is strongly related to SWB. Intervention studies on cognitive behavioural therapy or coping effectiveness training to improve SWB show promising results, but suffer from methodological weaknesses (for example, lack of randomization and small sample size). Conclusion: There is a need for cohort studies with sufficient sample size, which include people early after onset of SCI in order to enhance our understanding of the course of mental health and well-being after SCI. Cohort studies could also identify which people are at risk for long-term impairment of SWB. Finally, intervention studies on psychosocial interventions are needed to identify which interventions may improve SWB of people with SCI.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial issues in spinal cord injury: a review

2012

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“…Specifically, patients who report high levels of helplessness and low levels of acceptance with regard to their illness, emphasize the negative aspects of their condition. They generalize their illness cognitions, defined as cognitive reactions to an uncontrollable, long-term stressor of coping with and adjusting to a chronic condition [16], to all facets of daily life and consequently experience worse physical and psychological functioning [16-19]. In this view, illness cognitions (IC) can be considered as prognostic factors predicting physical functioning, psychological distress and therefore possibly adaption to society.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial well-being in young adults with chronic illness since childhood: the role of illness cognitions

Verhoof

Maurice‐Stam

Heymans

et al. 2014

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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BackgroundMore and more pediatric patients reach adulthood. Some of them are successfully integrating in adult life, but many others are not. Possibly Illness cognitions (IC) - the way people give meaning to their illness/disability – may play a role in individual differences on long-term adjustment. This study explored the association of IC with disease–characteristics and Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), anxiety and depression in young adults with a disability benefit due to childhood-onset chronic condition.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, young adults (22–31 years, N = 377) who claimed a disability benefit because of a somatic condition since childhood, completed the Illness Cognition Questionnaire (acceptance-helplessness-benefits), RAND-36 (HRQoL) and HADS (anxiety and depression) online. Besides descriptive statistics, linear regression analyses were conducted to predict (1) illness cognitions by age, gender and disease-characteristics, and (2) HRQoL (Mental and Physical Component Scale), Anxiety and Depression by illness cognitions, controlling for disease-characteristics, age and gender.ResultsRespectively 90.2%, 83.8% and 53.3% of the young adults with a disability benefit experienced feelings of acceptance, benefits and helplessness. Several disease-characteristics were associated with IC. More acceptance and less helplessness were associated with better mental (β = 0.31; β = −0.32) and physical (β = 0.16; β = −0.15) HRQoL and with less anxiety (β = −0.27; β = 0.28) and depression (β = −0.29; β = 0.31).ConclusionsIC of young adult beneficiaries were associated with their HRQoL and feelings of anxiety and depression. Early recognition of psychological distress and negative IC might be a key to the identification of pediatric patients at risk for long-term dysfunction. Identification of maladaptive illness cognitions enables the development of psychosocial interventions to optimise their well-being and adaptation to society.

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“…5–6 However, the presence of spasticity may be a disturbance if there is a high degree of pain, a high disturbance in day-to-day activities, less range of motion, more contractures, or more complications and hospitalizations. 1, 7–8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 It has been shown that the severity of the spasticity is correlated to many psychological factors. 7 One study suggested there was a relationship between ‘reassuring thoughts’ and less spasticity. 7 Conversely, excitable emotions, including anxiety, could trigger spasms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of spasticity and life satisfaction after spinal cord injury

2011

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ObjectiveTo identify the relationship between spasticity and life satisfaction as measured by 3 multi-item factor scales and a rating of overall quality of life among participants with spinal cord injury (SCI).Study DesignCross-sectional survey; secondary analysis of existing data by linear regression analysis between spasticity and quality of life.SettingLarge specialty hospital in the Southeastern United States.MethodsParticipants included 1,549 adults with traumatic spinal cord injuries, at least 18 years of age and a minimum of 1 year post-injury at survey. Outcome measures included: (1) Home Life Satisfaction, (2) Global Satisfaction, (3) Vocational Satisfaction, (4) Overall Quality of Life and (5) three subscales from the Patient Reported Impact of Spasticity Measure.ResultsThree aspects of spasticity (Daily Activities, Positive Impact, and spasticity at its worst) all were negatively correlated with Home Life Satisfaction, Global Satisfaction, and Overall Quality of Life. Only the Daily Activities scale and the spasticity at its worst rating had a significant negative correlation with Vocational Satisfaction.ConclusionSpasticity is negatively associated with quality of life after SCI. These negative outcomes need to be considered in an individual’s rehabilitation and treatment methods.

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Perceived spasticity in chronic spinal cord injured patients: Associations with psychological factors

Abstract: Perceived spasticity appeared associated with psychological factors in complete patients with SCI: Those with higher levels of reassuring thoughts and lower levels of helplessness reported relatively lower levels of perceived spasticity. Large prospective cohort studies are recommended.

Cited by 20 publications

References 18 publications

Psychosocial issues in spinal cord injury: a review

Psychosocial issues in spinal cord injury: a review

Psychosocial well-being in young adults with chronic illness since childhood: the role of illness cognitions

Association of spasticity and life satisfaction after spinal cord injury

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