Perceived risk, environmental attitude and fertilizer application by vegetable farmers in China

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the impact of three different perceived risk and environmental attitude on the fertilizer reduction behavior in vegetable production and the interplay between perceived risk and environmental attitude. We found that perceived economic risk can exert a significant and negative effect on farmers’ fertilizer reduction behavior (−0.39) and perceived social and psychological risks has a relatively weak negative impact with coefficients of −0.25 and −0.23, respectively. A more friendly environmental attitude can significantly and positively affect farmers’ fertilizer reduction behavior. Furthermore, environmental attitude has a moderating effect on the association between perceived risk and farmer’s fertilizer reduction behavior, but just significant for economic and social risk. In other words, a better environmental attitude could reduce the negative effect of perceived risk. This study promoted our new understanding of the risk perception’s impact on farmers’ behavior.

The Role of Brand Image and Perceived Risk on the Attitude and Intention to Use Paylater Services in Generation Z.

“…These findings suggest that while perceived risk may not be a significant factor in the adoption of Paylater applications, attitudes towards convenience and perceived benefits are important considerations for users. (Xiang et al, 2021) H2: Perceived Risk is significantly related to the Attitude of Paylater users.…”

Effect of agricultural subsidies on heterogeneous farmers’ fertilizer application intensity and its mediating mechanism: Based on China household finance survey database

“…With regard to farmers' fertilizer application behavior, indepth studies have been conducted in the literature so far and found that the characteristics of farm decision makers (household heads), operation and resource characteristics, market environment and agricultural subsidies had important effects on farmers' fertilizer application behavior. Regarding the influence of household head characteristics, most studies found that fertilizer application intensity was higher for male-headed farmers than for females (Gong et al, 2010;Leake, 2015); education level (Han and Zhao, 2009), environmental awareness (Xiang et al, 2021), and risk preference (Lv et al, 2021) had a negative effect on fertilizer application intensity, but the risk preference had a positive impact on fertilizer utilization (Zhu et al, 2022). Xiang et al (2021) also examined the effect of farmers' perception of fertilizer reduction risk on reduction behavior and found that perception of reduction risk had a negative effect on reduction behavior, which, however, was weakened by environmental awareness.…”

“…Regarding the influence of household head characteristics, most studies found that fertilizer application intensity was higher for male-headed farmers than for females (Gong et al, 2010;Leake, 2015); education level (Han and Zhao, 2009), environmental awareness (Xiang et al, 2021), and risk preference (Lv et al, 2021) had a negative effect on fertilizer application intensity, but the risk preference had a positive impact on fertilizer utilization (Zhu et al, 2022). Xiang et al (2021) also examined the effect of farmers' perception of fertilizer reduction risk on reduction behavior and found that perception of reduction risk had a negative effect on reduction behavior, which, however, was weakened by environmental awareness. Qiao and Huang (2021), in a study of 306 cotton farmers in China, also found that the risk preference had a negative effect on fertilizer application intensity when the likelihood of fertilizer application achieving the desired effect was high, and a positive effect on fertilizer application intensity when the likelihood of achieving the desired effect was low.…”

The Impact of Environmental Regulations and Social Norms on Farmers’ Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Behaviors: An Investigation of Citrus Farmers in Southern China

“…Additionally, most of the existing literature on the use of chemical fertilizers by farmers focuses on grain producers [11,22] and vegetable growers [23]. However, fruit trees with long growth cycles, high technical requirements, and high fertilization intensity have received far too little attention, especially citrus in southern China.…”