Perceived resource support for chronic illnesses among diabetics in north-western China

Abstract

A high level of social support can improve long-term diabetes self-management. Support from a single source has been evaluated. This study aims to analyze support from multiple and multilevel sources for diabetic patients by using the Chronic Illness Resources Survey (CIRS). Factors influencing the utilization of the CIRS were also evaluated. A total of 297 patients with diabetes were investigated using the CIRS and Perceived Diabetes Self-management Scale in Shihezi City, China. Descriptive statistics were used to explain demographic variables and scores of the scales. Factors affecting the utilization of chronic illness resources were determined through univariate analysis and then examined by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Of the 297 diabetic patients surveyed, 67% failed to reach the standard (more than 3 points) of utilizing chronic illness resources. Moreover, utilization of chronic illness resources was positively moderately correlated with self-management of diabetes (r = 0.75, P < 0.05). According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, age (OR, 3.42; 95%CI, 1.19-9.84) and monthly income (OR, 5.27; 95%CI, 1.86-14.90) were significantly positively associated with the CIRS score. Individuals with high school (OR, 2.61; 95%CI, 1.13-6.05) and college (OR, 3.02; 95%CI, 1.13-8.04) degrees obtained higher scores in the survey than those with elementary school education. Results indicated that utilization of resources and support for chronic illness self-management, particularly personal adjustment and organization, were not ideal among diabetics in the communities of north-western China. Improved utilization of chronic illness resources was conducive for proper diabetes self-management. Furthermore, the level of utilization of chronic illness resources increased with age, literacy level, and monthly income.

A cross‐sectional study of readiness for discharge, chronic illness resources and postdischarge outcomes in patients with diabetic foot ulcer

“…51.96%–84.36% patients had scores <3 in the dimension of media and policies, neighbourhood or community, and organizations, which could be related to the age and the wound. The mean age of this study was 67.02 years ( SD 12.46), and as age increases, the ability to accept and understand media or policies will also decline (Zhong et al., 2016 ). Transport inconvenience caused by foot wounds will further limit the communication with neighbourhood or community and the utilization of resources, such as travelling to the pharmacy.…”

“…51.96%-84.36% patients had scores <3 in the dimension of media and policies, neighbourhood or community, and organizations, which could be related to the age and the wound. The mean age of this study was 67.02 years (SD 12.46), and as age increases, the ability to accept and understand media or policies will also decline (Zhong et al, 2016).…”

“…introduced a translated and revised Chinese version of CIRS with 19 items and six dimensions which included healthcare team, family and friends, personal coping, neighbourhood or community, media and policies, and organizations. Zhong et al (2016) found that the scale had good reliability and validity. This scale was a five-point ordinal scale (1-5) with a maximum score of 95 points.…”

“…Zhong et al. ( 2016 ) found that the scale had good reliability and validity. This scale was a five‐point ordinal scale (1–5) with a maximum score of 95 points.…”

Cross‐cultural adaptation of the Chronic Illness Resources Survey in Japanese patients with diabetes

“…The original English version has been translated into several languages, including Spanish (Eakin et al, 2007), Chinese (Lou, Yates, McCarthy, & Wang, 2013), and Thai (Manit, Tuicomepee, Jiamjarasrangsi, & Taneepanichskul, 2011). Since the CIRS can be generally adapted for people with chronic illness, diabetes research benefits from using the CIRS (Barrera, Strycker, Mackinnon, & Toobert, 2008;Fortmann et al, 2011;Soto et al, 2015;Zhong et al, 2016).…”