Perceived duration of expected and unexpected stimuli

Ulrich, Rolf; Nitschke, Judith; Rammsayer, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s00426-004-0195-4

Cited by 109 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…IOR has been shown to have a spatial gradient, being strongest at the attended location and decreasing in magnitude with visual distance (Bennett & Pratt, 2001). Earlier studies on duration perception have shown that attended stimuli are perceived as having a longer duration compared to unattended stimuli or stimuli that receive less attention (Block, Hancock, & Zakay, 2010;Tse, Intriligator, Rivest, & Cavanagh, 2004;Ulrich, Nitschke, & Rammsayer, 2006). In our study, participants were presented with four top-up stimuli at the adapted location followed by the cross-modal duration judgment task, with the visual test stimulus being presented between 1000 and 2000 ms after the last top-up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of the spatial selectivity of the duration after-effect

et al. 2017

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a b s t r a c tAdaptation to the duration of a visual stimulus causes the perceived duration of a subsequently presented stimulus with a slightly different duration to be skewed away from the adapted duration. This pattern of repulsion following adaptation is similar to that observed for other visual properties, such as orientation, and is considered evidence for the involvement of duration-selective mechanisms in duration encoding. Here, we investigated whether the encoding of duration -by duration-selective mechanisms -occurs early on in the visual processing hierarchy. To this end, we investigated the spatial specificity of the duration after-effect in two experiments. We measured the duration after-effect at adapter-test distances ranging between 0 and 15°of visual angle and for within-and between-hemifield presentations. We replicated the duration after-effect: the test stimulus was perceived to have a longer duration following adaptation to a shorter duration, and a shorter duration following adaptation to a longer duration. Importantly, this duration after-effect occurred at all measured distances, with no evidence for a decrease in the magnitude of the after-effect at larger distances or across hemifields. This shows that adaptation to duration does not result from adaptation occurring early on in the visual processing hierarchy. Instead, it seems likely that duration information is a high-level stimulus property that is encoded later on in the visual processing hierarchy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of the spatial selectivity of the duration after-effect

et al. 2017

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“…2 Consistent with a possible influence of dynamic attending on auditory perception, several other ERP studies have found enhanced brain responses to auditory stimuli when they occurred at attended moments (Lange, Krämer, & Röder, 2006;Lange, Rösler, & Röder, 2003;Sanders & Astheimer, 2008). An advantage in pitch processing of temporally expected tones has also been reported (Bausenhart, Rolke, & Ulrich, 2007;Jones, Moynihan, MacKenzie, & Puente, 2002), and attended events often seem longer in duration than do unattended events (K.-M. Chen & Yeh, 2009;Mattes & Ulrich, 1998;Tse, Intriligator, Rivest, & Cavanagh, 2004;Ulrich, Nitschke, & Rammsayer, 2006). Although these studies compared expected with unexpected events, rather than metrically accented and unaccented events, within the dynamic attending framework the former can be considered to be more strongly expected than the latter (Large & Palmer, 2002).…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 91%

Do metrical accents create illusory phenomenal accents?

Repp

2010

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics

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“…Such an asymmetric arrangement of comparison durations can result in the so-called asymmetry effect (Guilford 1954) and thus artificially inflate the size of the OE. Accordingly, Seifried and Ulrich (2010) observed smaller OEs of approximately 5 % when comparison durations were arranged symmetrically around the standard duration.An OE has also been observed in a modified paradigm, in which two successive stimuli were presented in each trial (Ulrich et al 2006). In this paradigm, a visual standard stimulus of constant duration always preceded a visual target stimulus of varying duration.…”

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confidence: 98%

“…An OE has also been observed in a modified paradigm, in which two successive stimuli were presented in each trial (Ulrich et al 2006). In this paradigm, a visual standard stimulus of constant duration always preceded a visual target stimulus of varying duration.…”

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confidence: 98%

Introducing a control condition in the classic oddball paradigm: Oddballs are overestimated in duration not only because of their oddness

Birngruber

Schröter

Ulrich

2015

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Three experiments assessed whether participants perceive infrequent stimuli (oddballs) to last longer than frequent ones (standards). The classical oddball paradigm was modified so that participants judged the duration of a target stimulus which could either be a standard or an oddball. The target was always the fifth stimulus in the stream and all stimuli were presented at predefined spatial positions. These modifications enabled a direct comparison of duration judgments for oddballs and standards. In Experiments 1 and 2 not only the duration of oddballs but also the duration of standards was overestimated by virtually the same amount. In other words, the overestimation of oddballs was not due to their oddness but reflected a different temporal dilation such as the negative time-order error. In Experiment 3, all stimuli were presented at the same spatial position. Again, both oddballs and standards were overestimated, however, oddballs more so. The present results highlight the importance of comparing the judged duration of oddballs and standards when evaluating the size of the genuine oddball effect. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the occurrence of temporal oddball effects can depend on spatial features of stimulus presentation. Keywords Time perception · Oddball effect · Stimulus frequencyPrevious research has indicated that people tend to overestimate the duration of deviant stimuli appearing in a series of repeated standard stimuli (Birngruber et al. 2014a;Chen and Yeh 2009;Kim and McAuley 2013;New and Scholl 2009;Pariyadath and Eagleman 2007;Schindel et al. 2011; T. Birngruber ( ) · H. Schröter · R. Ulrich University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany e-mail: teresa.birngruber@uni-tuebingen.de Tse et al. 2004). Tse et al. first introduced a paradigm that revealed this oddball effect (OE). In this paradigm, participants were presented a stream of standard stimuli, for example small black disks, in the center of a computer screen. All standard stimuli were presented for a constant standard duration. At random positions within this stream, single oddball stimuli, for example expanding black disks, were presented for varying comparison durations. The participants' task was to judge whether the oddballs were shorter or longer in duration than the standard stimuli. Tse et al. observed overestimations of the oddballs' duration in the order of 35 %. This basic effect has not only been observed for expanding disks but also for stationary oddballs which only deviated from the standards in shape or color (Birngruber et al. 2014a;Chen and Yeh 2009;Schindel et al. 2011).However, follow-up studies have usually reported distinctly smaller OEs than those reported by Tse et al. (2004). In their original study, Tse et al. employed comparison durations that were mostly shorter than the standard duration. Such an asymmetric arrangement of comparison durations can result in the so-called asymmetry effect (Guilford 1954) and thus artificially inflate the size of the OE. Accordingly, Seifried and Ulrich (2010) ob...

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Perceived duration of expected and unexpected stimuli

Cited by 109 publications

References 63 publications

An investigation of the spatial selectivity of the duration after-effect

An investigation of the spatial selectivity of the duration after-effect

Do metrical accents create illusory phenomenal accents?

Introducing a control condition in the classic oddball paradigm: Oddballs are overestimated in duration not only because of their oddness

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