Perceived Color Impression for Spatially Mixed Colors

Abstract

Display devices adopt multiprimary pixels to represent chromatic images, and the individual primary pixels are discernible dimly within a certain range of spatial frequency. We systematically investigate the color impression of spatially mixed patterns of two colors from a barely discernible distance and show that the color impression differs greatly from their physically averaged colorimetric color. A large degree of luminance-enhanced perception is observed in all mixed color patterns, and significant chromatically enhanced perception occurs in the test of mixed monochromatic patterns. The color-enhanced perception inversely depends on spatial frequency and is not detected at all when the spatial frequency is more than 50 cycles per degree. However, when the patterns have excessively low spatial frequency, causing the pattern shape to be clearly recognized instead of being perceived as coarsely mixed color, the color-enhanced perception is suppressed. The strength of color-enhanced perception also depends on the contrast and width ratio between two colors, as well as hue value.Index Terms-Visual system, color, perceived color impression, spatial mixing of color, pixel structure. in R&D center,

Perceiving the representative surface color of real-world materials

“…The present study investigated the characteristics and mechanisms of representative color perception for 120 kinds of real-world surfaces, most of which involved highly complex structures and non-uniform material properties. The results showed that observers matched representative colors with higher lightness and saturation than the mean of the image, which is partially consistent with previous findings 24 , 25 , 28 , 31 , 36 , 37 . More importantly, the present study revealed that the perceived representative colors for the original images were not different from those for the PS-synthesized and from those for phase-randomized images except for one.…”

“…Instead, the results support the idea that the perception of representative colors depends on low-level image measurements, in contrast to the perception of the other material properties. It should be noted that these results are obtained for 120 real-world surfaces with much larger variations and higher ecological validity than those used in most of the previous studies 5,7,8,13,19,30,31,36,37 .…”

“…For example, it has been suggested that human observers perceive lightness by ignoring www.nature.com/scientificreports/ dark shadows and highlights in 3D objects 17,35 , and by ignoring brighter or darker tails in the skewed luminance histogram of natural surfaces 20,21 . Studies of ensemble color perception have reported that human observers perceive the "average color" of a chromatic random-dot pattern with a very enhanced saturation 31,36 , which is often beyond the maximum in the stimulus 30,37 . These agreements seem to suggest that the trend we observed in the current data is consistent with a general rule in the perception of representative (or average) colors for various classes of visual stimuli.…”

Development of a machine learning model for extracting image prominent colors

“…By investigating single color impression of multicolored texture patterns or natural objects, several researchers came to the conclusion that color impression cannot be simply determined by a colorimetric average of elemental colors but is influenced by a mechanism that integrates the color appearance attributes (hue, saturation, and brightness) of elemental colors . Moreover, some authors claim that an overall color impression strongly depends on the most saturated elemental colors, which result in a chromatic enhancement in perceived single color impression . Others share the opinion that an overall color impression can be predicted by averaging color appearance attributes of elemental colors.…”

“…[9][10][11] Moreover, some authors claim that an overall color impression strongly depends on the most saturated elemental colors, which result in a chromatic enhancement in perceived single color impression. 9,11 Others share the opinion that an overall color impression can be predicted by averaging color appearance attributes of elemental colors. For example, Milojevic et al discovered that the natural object's color category largely depends on the object's mean hue and is not shifted toward the most saturated colors.…”