Perceived Autonomy Support Scale for Exercise Settings: Validity and reliability study for Turkish<p>Egzersizde Algılanan Özerklik Desteği Ölçeği: Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of Perceived Autonomy Support Scale for Exercise Settings (PASSES; Hagger et al., 2007) from teacher and from peers in Turkish context. It was conducted with volunteer university students. 230 university students completed PASSES from teacher, and 142 university students completed PASSES from peers. Each scale has 12 items with a unidimension structure. The items were rated on a 7-point Likert type scale from totally disagree (1) to totally agree (7). Each scale was analyzed by using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to determine validity and by using Cronbach alpha value to determine reliability. The validity analyses for each scale showed good fit indexes in Turkish context. The reliability analyses also showed high reliability scores for each scale. Results were consistent with previous studies. It was suggested that PASSES from teacher and from peers can be used in Turkish context.

Autonomy Support and Motivation in Physical Education: A Comparison of Teacher and Student Perspectives

“…The Cronbach's alpha value of the questionnaire was found to be .96. Muftuler (2016) revealed that the confirmatory factor analysis provided the good fit indices (χ 2 /sd = 2.33, p≤ .05, RMSEA =.076, CFI =.978; NFI =.963, SRMR =.035; GFI =.932). A sample item for this scale was that 'I feel that my PE teacher provides me with choices, options, and opportunities about whether to do active sports and/or vigorous exercise in my free time.…”

“…The Perceived Autonomy Support Scale for Exercise Settings was used in the PE lesson to determine the students' perceptions of the autonomy support provided by the teacher in PE. It was developed by Hagger, Chatzisarantis, Hein, Pihu, Soos, and Karsai (2007), and the validity and reliability of the Turkish version were tested by Muftuler (2016). The scale comprises 12 items and is scored on a 7-point Likert scale, with responses ranging from "completely agree" to "completely disagree".…”

“…In other words, active involvement in PE acted as a mediator between the support of autonomy and academic motivation (Lozano-Jiménez et al, 2021). Additionally, students' intrinsic motivation, involvement in activities, academic success, and cognitive and skill development are all higher when PE teachers exhibit autonomysupportive behaviors (Muftuler, 2016).…”