Peran Steroid pada Pneumocystis Pneumonia Ditinjau Berdasarkan Imunopatogenesis

Abstract

Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP) is a potentially life-threatening infection that can occur in individuals who are immunocompromised. In PCP steroid use is still recommended especially in patients with moderate and severe severity. Corticosteroids are given along with anti-pneumocystis therapy and are known to reduce the incidence of mortality and respiratory failure associated with PCP. Innate immunity and adaptive immunity are symbiotic relationships to provide optimal defense for the lungs and other organs and tissues from infection PCP. The corticosteroid mechanism in PCP is based on an anti-inflammatory mechanism especially its role in inhibiting neutrophils. Many clinicians believe the administration of anti-pneumocystis causes the acceleration of inflammation. Because the inflammatory process increases when anti-pneumocystis therapy is started, corticosteroid therapy is useful before inflammation occurs which causes extensive damage to the lungs.

Clinical manifestation and initial treatment on infectious respiratory illnesses in HIV-infected patient: a case report

“…Corticosteroids can cause a drop transcription regulation of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8. 11 Corticosteroids given in conjunction with anti-PCP therapy may help to better control the inflammatory process. Therefore, the corticosteroid treatment should be started as early as possible but within 72 hours after starting the PCP-specific therapy.…”

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“…6 In this case, the results of the radiological examination such as chest X-ray showed a wide infiltrate, also on chest CT there was a crazy paving image that could match the radiological image on PCP. 5 Figure 1. Chest X-ray on A) day 0 of treatment and B) day 14 of treatment A B The definitive diagnosis of PCP is by finding organisms on the histopathology of sputum that are induced or BAL (Figure 4).…”

“…Chest X-ray on A) day 0 of treatment and B) day 14 of treatment A B The definitive diagnosis of PCP is by finding organisms on the histopathology of sputum that are induced or BAL (Figure 4). 5 In this patient, sputum induction was performed to examine the PCP organism and also AFB (Acid-fast bacillus).…”