Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Their Toxicology as Evidenced Through Disease and Biomarkers

Baldwin, William S.; Davis, Tyler T.; Eccles, Jazmine A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-07392-2_67

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 67 publications

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“…Over the last decade, increasing attention has been given to understand the detrimental impacts of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on the environment and on human and animal health. − PFAS are prevalent in natural settings, and, paired with their extreme stability against various degradation processes (chemical, thermal, and biological), they have become some of the most substantial pollutants of the present. − The ubiquitous nature of PFAS stems from their use in a wide variety of industrial and consumer products for over several decades. Common applications include firefighting foams, nonstick cookware, cosmetics, paints, apparel, and automotive lubricants. − Because of their widespread use and still rather limited restrictions across the globe, the exposure of PFAS to humans and animals is becoming increasingly prominent across the globe. − Consequently, increasing numbers of toxicological studies have shown a strong correlation between PFAS exposure and health impacts, including autoimmune disorders, thyroid dysfunction, renal disease, carcinogenesis, and cardiovascular disease. − Importantly, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has listed six PFAS compounds on their Third Unmonitored Contaminant Rule as of 2021 . Thus, legacy PFAS molecules included on the EPA list, such as PFOS and PFOA, have been phased out of production in the U.S. since 2002 and 2015, respectively .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Soil Minerals on the Adsorption, Structure, and Dynamics of GenX

2023

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In recent years, there have been increasing initiatives undertaken worldwide to employ alternative per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) molecules in order to minimize the environmental and health effects associated with legacy PFAS molecules. Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA), commonly known as GenX, is one of the important replacements currently used for PFOA. However, growing investigations suggest that GenX is identified in natural settings, including soils and groundwater, thus emphasizing the need to understand their sorption behavior in these environments. This study provides molecular-level insights into the impact of three different common soil constituents, namely, clay minerals, that vary in mineralogical composition and surface charge distribution in dictating the adsorption and transport characteristics of GenX on a fundamental molecular level for the first time using molecular dynamics simulations. The surface complexation of GenX varies significantly between the three clay minerals, and the factors that dictate the complexation are completely different. Depending upon the clay minerals, both surface-adsorbed and solution-phase GenX are observed. Importantly, the interfacial structure, nearest neighbor coordination, and dynamic behavior of GenX and their correlation with legacy PFAS in minerals systems are presented.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Soil Minerals on the Adsorption, Structure, and Dynamics of GenX

2023

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Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl compounds in paper recycling grades using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry

Mofokeng,

Madikizela,

Tiggelman

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Globally, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)–related research on paper products has focused on food packaging with less consideration on the presence of PFAS at different stages of the paper recycling chain. This study analysed the prevalence of PFAS in paper grades used for the manufacture of recycled paperboard. The presence of PFAS was attributed to the use of PFAS-containing additives, consumer usage, exposure to packed goods as well as contamination during mingling, sorting, collection, and recovery of paper recycling material. Q Orbitrap mass spectrometry was used to analyse the paper samples after accelerated solvent extraction and solid phase extraction. The distribution and possible propagation of 22 PFAS were determined in pre-consumer, retail and post-consumer paper products. Post-consumer samples had the highest combined average concentration (ΣPFAS) at 213 ng/g, while the ΣPFAS in retail (159 ng/g) and pre-consumer samples (121 ng/g) was detected at lower concentrations. This study showed that waste collection and recycling protocols may influence PFAS propagation and that measures must be developed to minimise and possibly eliminate exposure opportunities.

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Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Their Toxicology as Evidenced Through Disease and Biomarkers

Cited by 2 publications

References 67 publications

Influence of Soil Minerals on the Adsorption, Structure, and Dynamics of GenX

Influence of Soil Minerals on the Adsorption, Structure, and Dynamics of GenX

Determination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl compounds in paper recycling grades using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry

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