Peptides from the Pituitary Gland and Cortex Stimulate Differentiation of Polypotent Embryonic Tissue

Abstract

We studied the effects of synthetic peptides from the pituitary gland and brain cortex on differentiation of polypotent ectodermal tissue of the early gastrula of Xenopus laevis. It was shown that the pituitary gland peptide stimulates differentiation of polypotent tissue into epidermis and nerve tissue, while brain cortex peptide induces the development of mesenchyma and epidermis. Differentiation of polypotent tissue under the effect of the peptide is a mechanism of their geroprotective effect and suggests that they are promising as preparations for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

A Novel Drastic Peptide Genetically Adapted to Biomimetic Scaffolds “Delivers” Osteogenic Signals to Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…In the research of cell differentiation, attention has been focused on short peptides, which are small-molecular-weight active molecules that can regulate gene expression and affect proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis [ 19 ]. The direction of pluripotent cell differentiation has been found to be affected by the peptide structure and concentration [ 20 ]. In multiple studies, short peptides (3–10 aa long) have promoted the differentiation of stem or progenitor cells to neuronal, lung, pancreatic, immune cells, and osteocytes [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”