Peptide YY stimulates circular muscle contractions of the isolated perfused canine ileum by inhibiting nitric oxide release and enhancing acetylcholine release

Fox-Threlkeld, J. E. T.; Daniel, E. E.; Christinck, F.; Woskowska, Z.; Cipris, S.; McDonald, Thomas J.

doi:10.1016/0196-9781(93)90172-d

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It was shown to stimulate circular muscle contractions of the isolated perfused canine ileum by enhancing acetylcholine release 33. Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve in dogs resulted in release of PYY.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Action of Cholecystokinin on Colonic Motility in Isolated, Vascularly Perfused Rat Colon

Han²,

Jeong³

et al. 2011

J Neurogastroenterol Motil

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Background/AimsIt is generally believed that cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates colonic motility, although there are controversial reports. It has also been suggested that postprandial peptide YY (PYY) release is CCK-dependent. Using a totally isolated, vascularly perfused rat colon, we investigated: (1) the roles of CCK and PYY on colonic motility, (2) to determine if CCK modulates PYY release from the colon to influence the motility and (3) to clarify whether the action of CCK and PYY on colonic motility is mediated via the influence of cholinergic input.MethodsAn isolated whole rat colon was used. Luminal pressure was monitored via microtip catheter pressure transducers from proximal and distal colon. After a control period, CCK-8 or PYY was administerd intraarterially with or without an anti-PYY serum, loxiglumide or atropine at 12, 60 and 240 pM. Each dose was given for a period of 15-minute and the contractile response was expressed as % changes over basal. PYY concentration in the portal effluent was determined by radioimmunoassay.ResultsExogenous CCK-8 increased colonic motility which paralleled the increase in PYY release in the portal effluent. Exogenous PYY also significantly increased colonic motility although it was less potent than CCK. The stimulating effect of CCK-8 was significantly inhibited by an anti-PYY serum, and was completely abolished by loxiglumide, and almost completely abolished by atropine.ConclusionsCCK increases colonic motility via CCK1 receptor and it is mediated partly by PYY. Cholinergic input is required for the increased motility by either PYY or CCK.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Action of Cholecystokinin on Colonic Motility in Isolated, Vascularly Perfused Rat Colon

Han²,

Jeong³

et al. 2011

J Neurogastroenterol Motil

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“…These excitatory responses were described in dogs, 38–40 rats, 41 pigs 33 and in humans 42 after the administration of SCFA. The local motor effects of SCFA towards ileal motility might involve the release of PYY because administration of SCFA in the ileum releases this hormone 43–46 and exogenous administration of peptide YY (PYY) triggers motor activity in the ileum 47 . However, to date we are unaware of studies directly demonstrating an effect of PYY on the ICS.…”

Section: Reflexes Affecting Ics Motilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The ileocolonic sphincter

Malbert¹

2005

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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The human ileocolonic sphincter (ICS) develops a sustained tone mainly due to propagated and not propagated phasic motor activity. The ileocaecocolonic segment is also able to behave, yet uncommonly, as a synchronized segment involving propagated contractions originating from the ileum and migrating to the proximal colon. The ICS motor activity alone has a limited role towards forward flow. On the contrary, the functional entity corresponding to the distal ileum and the ICS provides a clearance mechanism for reflux of colonic contents into the small intestine. The presence of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the distal ileum, sensed either by endocrine cells or chemo-sensitive vagal afferents, is an important actor in triggering this clearance mechanism. The ICS tone is in part myogenic but a neuronal nitrergic component is also involved. Reflex excitatory and inhibitory responses of the ICS originating from ileal or colonic distension involve primarily spinal nitrergic and adrenergic pathways.

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“…Although the Y 2 receptor has been found in the rat small intestine and colon (21), to our knowledge the presence of Y 2 receptors specifically in the stomach, myenteric nerves or gut musculature has not been reported to date. PYY has, however, been shown to dose dependently increase phasic activity of the circular muscle in an isolated perfused canine ileum segment, an effect that was shown to be mediated through inhibition of NO release (20). To date, we have no evidence for a similar mechanism in the rat stomach; however, PYY-mediated inhibition of NO synthesis could also provide a possible explanation for our findings, and this could be assessed in future in vitro contractility studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…More specifically with regard to the stomach physiology, PYY is known to inhibit gastric secretion (3) and delay gastric emptying (14,40,55,56). Effects on gastrointestinal motility could be either mediated through the vagal nerve but also direct actions of PYY 3-36 on isolated intestinal preparations have been demonstrated (20,35).…”

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confidence: 96%

Role of Y₂ receptors in the regulation of gastric tone in rats

Janssen

Verschueren

Rotondo

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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We set out to determine the effect of peptide YY(3-36) (PYY(3-36)) on the gastric muscle tone in conscious rats by measuring intragastric pressure (IGP) during intragastric nutrient drink infusion. After an overnight fast, a chronically implanted gastric fistula was connected to a custom-made nutrient drink infusion system and a catheter to measure IGP. IGP was measured before and during the infusion of a nutrient drink (Nutridrink; 0.5 ml/min) until 10 ml was infused. Rats were treated with PYY(3-36) (0, 33, and 100 pmol·kg(-1)·min(-1)) in combination with a subcutaneous injection of the Y(2) receptor antagonists JNJ31020028 (10 mg/kg) or BIIE0246 (2 mg/kg). Experiments were also performed after subdiaphragmatic vagotomy and after pretreatment with 3 ml of nutrient drink (to mimic a fed state). IGP was compared as the average IGP during nutrient infusion, represented as means ± SE and compared using ANOVA. PYY(3-36) dose dependently increased the IGP during nutrient infusion (4.7 ± 0.3, 5.7 ± 0.5 and 7.3 ± 0.7 mmHg; P < 0.01) while JNJ31020028 and BIIE0246 could block this increase [4.4 ± 0.5 (P < 0.001) and 4.8 ± 0.4 (P < 0.05) mmHg, respectively]. Also in vagotomized rats, PYY(3-36) was able to significantly increase the IGP during, an effect attenuated by JNJ31020028. BIIE0246 and JNJ31020028 were not able to decrease the IGP when no PYY(3-36) was administered. PYY(3-36) increased gastric tone through an Y(2) receptor-mediated mechanism that does not involve the vagus nerve. Y(2) receptor antagonists were not able to decrease gastric tone without exogenous administration of PYY(3-36), indicating that Y(2) receptors do not play a crucial role in the determination of gastric tone in physiological conditions.

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Peptide YY stimulates circular muscle contractions of the isolated perfused canine ileum by inhibiting nitric oxide release and enhancing acetylcholine release

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

Mechanism of Action of Cholecystokinin on Colonic Motility in Isolated, Vascularly Perfused Rat Colon

Mechanism of Action of Cholecystokinin on Colonic Motility in Isolated, Vascularly Perfused Rat Colon

The ileocolonic sphincter

Role of Y₂ receptors in the regulation of gastric tone in rats

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Peptide YY stimulates circular muscle contractions of the isolated perfused canine ileum by inhibiting nitric oxide release and enhancing acetylcholine release

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

Mechanism of Action of Cholecystokinin on Colonic Motility in Isolated, Vascularly Perfused Rat Colon

Mechanism of Action of Cholecystokinin on Colonic Motility in Isolated, Vascularly Perfused Rat Colon

The ileocolonic sphincter

Role of Y2 receptors in the regulation of gastric tone in rats

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Role of Y₂ receptors in the regulation of gastric tone in rats