1985
DOI: 10.1126/science.4071055
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Peptide Neurotoxins from Fish-Hunting Cone Snails

Abstract: To paralyze their more agile prey, the venomous fish-hunting cone snails (Conus) have developed a potent biochemical strategy. They produce several classes of toxic peptides (conotoxins) that attack a series of successive physiological targets in the neuromuscular system of the fish. The peptides include presynaptic omega-conotoxins that prevent the voltage-activated entry of calcium into the nerve terminal and release of acetylcholine, postsynaptic alpha-conotoxins that inhibit the acetylcholine receptor, and… Show more

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Cited by 733 publications
(411 citation statements)
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“…In contrast, both catecholamine and substance P released from bovine chromaffm cells and rat dorsal root ganglia neurons, respectively, are strongly inhibited by DHPs (16)(17)(18), suggesting a major participation of the L-type VDCC. However, while mammalian neuromuscular transmission is insensitive to either w-CgTX or DHPs (19)(20)(21), evoked synaptic transmission in squid giant synapse (3) and mammalian neuromuscular system (22) has been found to be inhibited by FTX and by its synthetic arginine-polyamine (spermidine) analogue (sFTX) (22,23), consistent with a key involvement of the P-type VDCC. Moreover, K+-evoked Ca2+ uptake and transmitter release in mammalian brain synaptosomes were only partially sensitive to w-CgTX and DHPs (24,25) but were inhibited by FTX (22) and w-Aga-IVA (26), indicating that the P-type VDCC mediates evoked transmitter release from many mammalian central synapses.…”
mentioning
confidence: 88%
“…In contrast, both catecholamine and substance P released from bovine chromaffm cells and rat dorsal root ganglia neurons, respectively, are strongly inhibited by DHPs (16)(17)(18), suggesting a major participation of the L-type VDCC. However, while mammalian neuromuscular transmission is insensitive to either w-CgTX or DHPs (19)(20)(21), evoked synaptic transmission in squid giant synapse (3) and mammalian neuromuscular system (22) has been found to be inhibited by FTX and by its synthetic arginine-polyamine (spermidine) analogue (sFTX) (22,23), consistent with a key involvement of the P-type VDCC. Moreover, K+-evoked Ca2+ uptake and transmitter release in mammalian brain synaptosomes were only partially sensitive to w-CgTX and DHPs (24,25) but were inhibited by FTX (22) and w-Aga-IVA (26), indicating that the P-type VDCC mediates evoked transmitter release from many mammalian central synapses.…”
mentioning
confidence: 88%
“…For example, an anticancer drug Eribulin Ò [34] was developed from a cytotoxin halichondorin B isolated from a sponge [35]. An intractable pain reliever Prialt Ò was developed from x-conotoxin MVIIA from the marine Conus snail [36]. Furthermore, Yondelis Ò for treatment of sarcoma was also discovered as the potent cytotoxin ecteinascidin 743 from a Caribbean tunicate [37].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This channel (or one subtype of N-type Ca2+ channel) is blocked by a natural polypeptide toxin isolated from Conus geographus and called c-conotoxin (9,14). This toxin thereby inhibits neurotransmitter secretion (13,15).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%