Peptide−Calcium Chelate from Antler (Cervus elaphus) Bone Enhances Calcium Absorption in Intestinal Caco-2 Cells and D-gal-Induced Aging Mouse Model

Abstract

Antler bone calcium (AB−Ca) and bioactive peptides (ABPs) were extracted from antler bones (Cervus elaphus) to maximize their value. In this study, 0.14 g calcium was obtained from 1 g antler bone. The peptide−calcium chelate rate was 53.68 ± 1.80%, and the Gly, Pro, and Glu in ABPs were identified to donate most to the increased calcium affinity through the mass spectrometry. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that calcium predominantly interacted with amino nitrogen atoms and carboxyl oxygen atoms, thereby generating a peptide–calcium chelate. The peptide−calcium chelates were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. A Caco-2 cell monolayer model showed that ABPs significantly increased calcium transport. Furthermore, the D-gal-induced aging mouse model indicated that the ABPs + AB−Ca group showed higher Ca and PINP levels, lower P, ALP, and CTX-1content in serum, and considerably higher tibia index and tibia calcium content. Results showed that ABPs + AB-Ca increased bone formation and inhibited bone resorption, thereby providing calcium supplements for ameliorating senile osteoporosis (SOP).

A critical review of a typical research system for food‐derived metal‐chelating peptides: Production, characterization, identification, digestion, and absorption

“…In a series of studies, animal bones were extensively employed to manufacture calcium‐chelating peptides, which might be attributed to the highest amount of calcium in bones and excellent calcium‐retaining abilities of substances inside the bones that might be rich in amino acids at critical metal‐binding sites (Hu et al., 2022). For instance, all kinds of calcium‐chelating peptides with high calcium‐chelating abilities can be synthesized using different animal sources such as chicken feet (235.7 mg/g) (Malison et al., 2021), cattle bone (42.70 µg/mg) (Zhang, Zhao, et al., 2021), and antler bone (53.68%) (Wang, Zhai, et al., 2022). Therefore, bone and bone‐associated protein‐containing tissues demonstrate considerable potentials as sources for the preparation of calcium‐chelating peptides.…”