Peptide-Based Vaccines: Current Progress and Future Challenges

Malonis, Ryan J.; Lai, Jonathan R.; Vergnolle, Olivia

doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00472

Cited by 425 publications

(409 citation statements)

References 176 publications

(286 reference statements)

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“…While the studied population size needs to be increased, we found that all the women who had developed a high-grade cervical lesion caused by HPV16 failed to produce anti-L1FG/HPV16 antibodies. These ndings could have obvious implications for the development of an L1 polycyclic peptide or a new molecular scaffold for peptides that could be an attractive perspective for ELISA testing and a cyclic peptide-based vaccine [33,50].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of antibodies against a cyclic peptide mimicking the FG loop of the human papillomavirus type 16 capsid among Tunisian women

Bansal

Ghdira

Chaïeb

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background In the past decade, cervical cancer has gone from being the second to the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, but remains the second most common in developing countries. This cancer is most commonly caused by high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV), mainly type 16 (HPV16), which are sexually transmitted. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of a cyclic synthetic peptide designed from the major L1 capsid protein of HPV16 for detecting anti-HPV16 antibodies. Methods We designed and synthetized a peptide that corresponds to the full sequence of the surface-exposed FG loop. We tested the antigenicity of the linear and the cyclic peptides against HPV16 L1 monoclonal antibodies. We used ELISA to detect anti-peptide antibodies in sera and cervical secretions of 179 Tunisian women, and we applied polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing methods to detect and genotype HPV DNA. Results Both the linear and the cyclic peptides were recognized by the same neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, but the cyclic peptide was more reactive with human sera. The prevalence of the anti-peptide antibodies in sera was higher in women with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL) than in women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL) (44% and 15%, respectively). This contrasts with HPV16 DNA prevalence. Compared to women from the general population, systemic IgG prevalence was significantly higher among sex workers (25%; P=0.002) and women with LGSIL (44%; P=0.001). In addition, systemic IgA and cervical IgG prevalence was higher among sex workers only (p=0.002 and P=0.001 respectively). We did not observe anti-peptide IgG antibodies in women with a current HPV16 infection.Conclusion Anti-peptide IgG in sera or in cervical secretions could be markers of an effective natural immunization against HPV16. This may open novel perspectives for monitoring vaccinated women and for the design of synthetic peptide-based vaccines.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of antibodies against a cyclic peptide mimicking the FG loop of the human papillomavirus type 16 capsid among Tunisian women

Bansal

Ghdira

Chaïeb

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Rather than using the whole or a split fragment of the virus as the vaccine, antigenic proteins (or peptides) of the virus can be generated using recombinant technology in the laboratory instead ( 98 ). This is the most popular approach in the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development field, with 50 protein/peptide constructs in preclinical trials and 8 that have entered clinical trials ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Different Vaccine Approaches Used In Covid-19 Vaccine Develomentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and Pitfalls in the Quest for Effective SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Vaccines

et al. 2020

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There are currently around 200 SARS-CoV-2 candidate vaccines in preclinical and clinical trials throughout the world. The various candidates employ a range of vaccine strategies including some novel approaches. Currently, the goal is to prove that they are safe and immunogenic in humans (phase 1/2 studies) with several now advancing into phase 2 and 3 trials to demonstrate efficacy and gather comprehensive data on safety. It is highly likely that many vaccines will be shown to stimulate antibody and T cell responses in healthy individuals and have an acceptable safety profile, but the key will be to confirm that they protect against COVID-19. There is much hope that SARS-CoV-2 vaccines will be rolled out to the entire world to contain the pandemic and avert its most damaging impacts. However, in all likelihood this will initially require a targeted approach toward key vulnerable groups. Collaborative efforts are underway to ensure manufacturing can occur at the unprecedented scale and speed required to immunize billions of people. Ensuring deployment also occurs equitably across the globe will be critical. Careful evaluation and ongoing surveillance for safety will be required to address theoretical concerns regarding immune enhancement seen in previous contexts. Herein, we review the current knowledge about the immune response to this novel virus as it pertains to the design of effective and safe SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the range of novel and established approaches to vaccine development being taken. We provide details of some of the frontrunner vaccines and discuss potential issues including adverse effects, scale-up and delivery.

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“…Peptide-based vaccines are generally designed based on the minimal peptide epitope that is still able to trigger the desired immunity. Peptide-based vaccines can suffer the disadvantage of being sensitive to any mutation within the selected epitopes and too genetically constrained due to the specificity of the T-cell receptor (TCR) [38]. Further, low immunogenicity is a typical weakness of peptide-based vaccines; however, it can be minimized through the development of better adjuvant-based delivery systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the Development of Subunit Vaccines against Malaria

et al. 2020

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Malaria is a life-threatening disease and one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the human population. The disease also results in a major socio-economic burden. The rapid spread of malaria epidemics in developing countries is exacerbated by the rise in drug-resistant parasites and insecticide-resistant mosquitoes. At present, malaria research is focused mainly on the development of drugs with increased therapeutic effects against Plasmodium parasites. However, a vaccine against the disease is preferable over treatment to achieve long-term control. Trials to develop a safe and effective immunization protocol for the control of malaria have been occurring for decades, and continue on today; still, no effective vaccines are available on the market. Recently, peptide-based vaccines have become an attractive alternative approach. These vaccines utilize short protein fragments to induce immune responses against malaria parasites. Peptide-based vaccines are safer than traditional vaccines, relatively inexpensive to produce, and can be composed of multiple T- and B-cell epitopes integrated into one antigenic formulation. Various combinations, based on antigen choice, peptide epitope modification and delivery mechanism, have resulted in numerous potential malaria vaccines candidates; these are presently being studied in both preclinical and clinical trials. This review describes the current landscape of peptide-based vaccines, and addresses obstacles and opportunities in the production of malaria vaccines.

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Peptide-Based Vaccines: Current Progress and Future Challenges

Cited by 425 publications

References 176 publications

Prevalence of antibodies against a cyclic peptide mimicking the FG loop of the human papillomavirus type 16 capsid among Tunisian women

Prevalence of antibodies against a cyclic peptide mimicking the FG loop of the human papillomavirus type 16 capsid among Tunisian women

Progress and Pitfalls in the Quest for Effective SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Vaccines

Progress in the Development of Subunit Vaccines against Malaria

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