Peptide and glycopeptide dendrimers. Part I

Abstract

Recent progress in peptide and glycopeptide chemistry make the preparation of peptide and glycopeptide dendrimers of acceptable purity, with designed structural and immunochemical properties reliable. New methodologies using unprotected peptide building blocks have been developed to further increase possibilities of their design and improve their preparation and separation. Sophisticated design of peptide and glycopeptide dendrimers has led to their use as antigens and immunogens, for serodiagnosis and other biochemical uses including drug delivery. Dendrimers bearing peptide with predetermined secondary structures are useful tools in protein de novo design. This article covers synthesis and applications of multiple antigen peptides (MAPs), multiple antigen glycopeptides (MAGs), multiple antigen peptides based on sequential oligopeptide carriers (MAP-SOCs), glycodendrimers and template-assembled synthetic proteins (TASPs). Part I deals with the development of various structural forms of MAPs as well as their application as antigens, immunogens, and for immunodiagnostic and biochemical purposes. Copyright

Synthetic Peptides for the Immunodiagnosis of Human Diseases

“…peptides such as different epitopes to be associated in a single construction [58][59]. One of the advantages of MAPconjugated peptides is that they consist of pure antigens.…”

Amino Acid‐Based Dendrimers

“…However, the amplification factor can easily lead to nanomolar dissociation constants for the assembly as a whole when single affinities are in the millimolar to micromolar range. The MAP strategy affords construction of multivalent assemblies with an exceptional degree of flexibility as illustrated in Figure 15.5 [32,33,35,36]. MAPs containing monoepitopes, chimeric epitopes, and diepitopes can be generated at will.…”

The Advance of Dendrimers - A Versatile Targeting Platform for Gene/Drug Delivery

“…Due to the relatively small number of active sites per reaction this method affords dendrimers with fewer architectural defects. The approaches described above are used widely to deliver highly branched dendrimers with a range of surface characteristics including +/ charge head groups; functional groups/epitopes; multiple copies of cargo [30,[43][44][45].…”

“…In the context of organic chemistry, dendrimers or 'cascade molecules' as they were first described by Vögtle et al are a unique class of polymer differing from traditional polymers by virtue of their synthesis, affording monodisperse particulates with a precise number of surface groups, size and structure [25][26][27][28][29]. These intrinsic properties have made dendrimers attractive candidates for a range of biomedical applications including drug delivery, gene transfection, immunodiagnostics and magnetic resonance imaging [30][31][32][33][34][35]. This review will begin by introducing the basic principles of dendrimer structure and synthesis then go on to review the development of polycationic dendrimers (PCD) into therapeutic tools primarily for gene delivery -namely by discussion of the most studied classes of dendrimer -the polyamidoamines (PAMAM), polypropylene imines (PPI), polyethylene imines (PEI) and poly-Llysines (PLL) [36,37].…”