Peppermint Essential Oil-Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles with Antimicrobial Properties

Abstract

This study aimed at developing an antimicrobial material based on hydroxyapatite (HAp) and peppermint essential oil (P-EO) in order to stimulate the antimicrobial activity of hydroxyapatite. The molecular spectral features and morphology of the P-EO, HAp and hydroxyapatite coated with peppermint essential oil (HAp-P) were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The coating of the HAp with the P-EO did not affect the ellipsoidal shape of the nanoparticles. The overlapping of IR bands of P-EO and HAp in the HAp-P spectrum determined the formation of the broad molecular bands that were observed in the spectral regions of 400–1000 cm−1 and 1000–1200 cm−1. The antibacterial activity of the P-EO, HAp and HAp-P were also tested against different Gram-positive bacteria (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 388, S. aureus ATCC 25923, S. aureus ATCC 6538, E. faecium DSM 13590), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, E. coli C5, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027) and a fungal strain of Candida parapsilosis. The results of the present study revealed that the antimicrobial activity of HAp-P increased significantly over that of HAp.

Dextran-Thyme Magnesium-Doped Hydroxyapatite Composite Antimicrobial Coatings

“…Comparative FTIR-ATR spectra of the (a-c) 10MgHAp (dotted line) and 10MgHAp-Dex-thyme powders (solid line); (d-f) dextran and thyme essential oil raw materials; and (g-i) 10MgHAp-Dex-thyme coating, zoomed over three relevant (a,d,g) fingerprint and (b,c,e,f,h,i) functional groups regions: (a,d,g) 500-1180 cm −1 ; (b,e,h) 1180-1800 cm −1 ; and (c,f,i) 2500-3750 cm −1 . [30,[45][46][47][48] Nowadays, due to the appearance of microorganisms resilient to conventional therapies, studies regarding the antimicrobial effects of various types of possible antimicrobial agents, such as metallic ions (copper, iron, silver, magnesium, zinc), inorganic nanoparticles, or essential oils, are performed in the search for efficient solutions with a wider action range against pathogens [1,2,18,20,22,38,58]. In this paper, we investigated for the first time, the influence of Mg-doped HAp enhanced with thyme essential oil in a dextran matrix, in both solution and coating form, on the development of microbial biofilms of some of the most prevalent fungal and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains.…”

“…Amongst the metal ions, which could be accommodated by the HAp structure, the most studied ones have been Ag + , Sr 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Cu 2+ , yielding certain benefits with respect to the biological (e.g., osteogenic and angiogenic capacity, antimicrobial effect) and mechanical properties of HAp [1,2,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Moreover, due to the emergence of drug-resistant bacterial strains, the development of novel antimicrobial agents has also shifted focus towards the use of essential oils (EOs) with long-lasting curative properties, obtained from abundant plants [20][21][22][23][24]. EOs are naturally synthesized substances, and most of them are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when their dosage is similar to the one found in foods [21].…”

Essential Oils and Mono/bi/tri-Metallic Nanocomposites as Alternative Sources of Antimicrobial Agents to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Pathogenic Microorganisms: An Overview

“…Scandorieiro et al [201] reported that the combination of silver NPs with Origanum vulgare EO resulted in synergistic antimicrobial activities against E. coli, A. baumannii, and S. aureus. Similarly, hydroxyapatite NPs with peppermint EO against S. aureus, E. faecium, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and C. parapsilosis [202], olive EO with lipid nanoparticles against P. pyogenes and S. aureus [203], Siparuna guianensis EO with chitosan NPs against A. aegypti [187] showed enhanced antimicrobial effects. In addition, rosemary and oregano EOs, with silver and zinc oxide NPs incorporated into pullulan films were effective against pathogenic microorganisms such as S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, E. coli, and S. typhimurium [196], cinnamon EO with chitosan NPs against E. coli and S. aureus [204] also had synergistic antimicrobial activities.…”

Additive Manufacturing Methods for Producing Hydroxyapatite and Hydroxyapatite-Based Composite Scaffolds: A Review

“…Local delivery of antibiotics using HAp has also been suggested as an effective approach in strategies aiming to control bone infections (Safi et al, 2018). On this object, a series of natural chemicals (e.g., peppermint essential oil) and antibiotics (e.g., vancomycin) were loaded into bare and metal-doped HAp (Devanand Venkatasubbu et al, 2011;Yu et al, 2014;Badea et al, 2019). Functionalizing HAp by various chemical agents results in having a prolonged local antibiotic delivery (Leprêtre et al, 2009).…”