Peopling the Americas: Not “Out of Japan”

Scott, G. Richard; O’Rourke, Dennis H.; Raff, Jennifer; Tackney, Justin; Hlusko, Leslea J.; Elias, Scott A.; Bourgeon, Lauriane; Potapova, Olga; Pavlova, Elena Y.; Pitulko, Vladimir V.; Hoffecker, John F.

doi:10.1080/20555563.2021.1940440

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…( 24 – 25 ), which may reflect the arrival of different human groups with different cultural adaptations ( 25 ). Dental and DNA evidence that indicate that Holocene-aged Jomon populations could not be the ancestors of the First Americans ( 26 ) may thus be correct but is largely irrelevant. We hypothesize that this shared similarity in pre-Jomon stemmed point technology may point to the general location along the northwest Pacific Rim from which some of the earliest peoples in the Americas may have originated between ~22,000 and 16,000 years ago ( 27 , 28 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dating of a large tool assemblage at the Cooper’s Ferry site (Idaho, USA) to ~15,785 cal yr B.P. extends the age of stemmed points in the Americas

et al. 2022

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The timing and character of the Pleistocene peopling of the Americas are measured by the discovery of unequivocal artifacts from well-dated contexts. We report the discovery of a well-dated artifact assemblage containing 14 stemmed projectile points from the Cooper’s Ferry site in western North America, dating to ~16,000 years ago. These stemmed points are several thousand years older than Clovis fluted points (~13,000 cal yr B.P.) and are ~2300 years older than stemmed points found previously at the site. These points date to the end of Marine Isotope Stage 2 when glaciers had closed off an interior land route into the Americas. This assemblage includes an array of stemmed projectile points that resemble pre-Jomon Late Upper Paleolithic tools from the northwestern Pacific Rim dating to ~20,000 to 19,000 years ago, leading us to hypothesize that some of the first technological traditions in the Americas may have originated in the region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dating of a large tool assemblage at the Cooper’s Ferry site (Idaho, USA) to ~15,785 cal yr B.P. extends the age of stemmed points in the Americas

et al. 2022

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“…Accordingly, we conclude that the ANA population probably adapted to coastal habitat on the southern BLB before 15 ka. We also conclude—based on the genetic ‘arctic signal’ found throughout arctic and non-arctic First Peoples—that the ANA population on the BLB was recently derived from the Arctic, most likely the GAP/arctic Beringia (not the NE Asian maritime zone) [73,86,95].…”

Section: The Settlement Of Beringiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere

et al. 2023

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Did Beringian environments represent an ecological barrier to humans until less than 15 000 years ago or was access to the Americas controlled by the spatial–temporal distribution of North American ice sheets? Beringian environments varied with respect to climate and biota, especially in the two major areas of exposed continental shelf. The East Siberian Arctic Shelf (‘Great Arctic Plain’ (GAP)) supported a dry steppe-tundra biome inhabited by a diverse large-mammal community, while the southern Bering-Chukchi Platform (‘Bering Land Bridge’ (BLB)) supported mesic tundra and probably a lower large-mammal biomass. A human population with west Eurasian roots occupied the GAP before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and may have accessed mid-latitude North America via an interior ice-free corridor. Re-opening of the corridor less than 14 000 years ago indicates that the primary ancestors of living First Peoples, who already had spread widely in the Americas at this time, probably dispersed from the NW Pacific coast. A genetic ‘arctic signal’ in non-arctic First Peoples suggests that their parent population inhabited the GAP during the LGM, before their split from the former. We infer a shift from GAP terrestrial to a subarctic maritime economy on the southern BLB coast before dispersal in the Americas from the NW Pacific coast.

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“…Discussion continues, however, concerning the routes of entry and dispersal-whether along the coast or through the interior (cf. Potter et al 2018;Braje et al 2020;Scott et al 2021). Debates regarding this process centre on the chronology, validity of human-made artefacts and the contextual integrity of several key sites that radiocarbon date before the 'Clovis First' theory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monte Verde II: an assessment of new radiocarbon dates and their sedimentological context

Pino

Dillehay

2023

Antiquity

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Monte Verde II in southern Chile is one of the most important, and debated, sites for understanding of the early peopling of the Americas. The authors present 43 radiocarbon measurements based on cores of sediments that overlie the archaeological deposits adjacent to the site. Statistical analysis of these dates narrows the deposition of the earliest sediments sealing the occupational layer to c. 14 550 cal BP. The consistency between the dates of the site's archaeological strata and its adjacent deposits allows not only consolidation of the site's chronology, but also illustration of how a multi-pronged approach can inform debates surrounding the peopling of new lands—in the Americas or elsewhere.

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Peopling the Americas: Not “Out of Japan”

Cited by 12 publications

References 129 publications

Dating of a large tool assemblage at the Cooper’s Ferry site (Idaho, USA) to ~15,785 cal yr B.P. extends the age of stemmed points in the Americas

Dating of a large tool assemblage at the Cooper’s Ferry site (Idaho, USA) to ~15,785 cal yr B.P. extends the age of stemmed points in the Americas

Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere

Monte Verde II: an assessment of new radiocarbon dates and their sedimentological context

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