Pentraxin‐3 and the Right Ventricle: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis–Right Ventricle Study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Coarse particulate matter (PM 10-2:5) is primarily mechanically generated and includes crustal material, brake and tire wear, and biological particles. PM 10-2:5 is associated with pulmonary disease, which can lead to right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. Although RV characteristics have been associated with combustion-related pollutants, relationships with PM 10-2:5 remain unknown. OBJECTIVES: To quantify cross-sectional associations between RV dysfunction and PM 10-2:5 mass and components among older adults and susceptible populations. METHODS: We used baseline cardiac magnetic resonance images from 1,490 participants (45-84 y old) from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and assigned 5-y residential concentrations of PM 10-2:5 mass, copper, zinc, phosphorus, silicon, and endotoxin, using land-use regression models. We quantified associations with RV mass, end-diastolic volume, and ejection fraction after control for risk factors and copollutants using linear regression. We further examined personal susceptibility. RESULTS: We found positive associations of RV mass and, to a lesser extent, end diastolic volume with PM 10-2:5 mass among susceptible populations including smokers and persons with emphysema. After adjustment for copollutants, an interquartile range increase in PM 10-2:5 mass (2:2 lg=m 3) was associated with 0:5 g (95% CI: 0.0, 1.0), 0:9 g (95% CI: 0.1, 1.7), and 1:4 g (95% CI: 0.4, 2.5) larger RV mass among former smokers, current smokers , and persons with emphysema, respectively. No associations were found with healthy individuals or with ejection fraction. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations to RV structure may represent a mechanism by which long-term PM 10-2:5 exposure increases risks for adverse respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes, especially among certain susceptible populations. https://doi.

Subclinical changes in MRI-determined right ventricular volumes and function in subjects with prediabetes and diabetes

“…In the prospective MESA-right ventricle study it was found that men without confirmed cardiovascular disease with impaired RV-SV, RV-EDV, RV-ESV and reduced right ventricular mass were more likely to develop selfreported dyspnoea over a follow-up period of 60 months [26]. Furthermore, correlations were detected between right ventricular volumes, mainly elevated RV-EDV, and right ventricular mass and obesity, varying intensity of physical activity and elevated levels of pentraxin-3 that is known to be a marker in left heart disease [27][28][29].…”

Intensive exercise and its effect on the heart: Is more always better?

“…The elevated PTX3 concentration correlated with increased RV mass and end-diastolic volume assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance, and higher RV mass was associated with a threefold increase in CV or heart failure-related deaths [31].…”

Role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and therapeutic interventions

“…Other novel inflammatory biomarkers which are less well studied but of potential value include neopterin [97] and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A [98] associated with vulnerable plaque features such as thin-cap fibroatheroma in CAD patients; growth differentiation factor-15, [99] galectin-3 binding protein [100] and fibrinogen [101] with prognostic potential; and pentraxin 3 [102] and Soluble ST2 [103] associated with risk factors for atherosclerosis respectively.…”