Pentoxifylline and vitamin E combination improves superficial radiation-induced fibrosis

Valid and reliable techniques for measuring fibrosis in patients with head and neck cancer postradiotherapy: A systematic review

“…Several techniques have been used to treat fibrosis within the head and neck region, including lycopene, pentoxifylline, pirfenidone, α‐tocopherol (vitamin E), aloe vera, corticosteroid injections, interferon gamma, hyperbaric oxygen, stretching exercises, prophylactic swallowing exercises, heat, impedance‐controlled microcurrent therapy, and acupuncture . To date, it has been difficult to determine the true efficacy of interventions targeting radiation‐related fibrosis because valid, reliable, and objective measurement techniques capable of identifying and/or measuring fibrosis within the head and neck region are lacking .…”