Pentachlorophenol for Wood Preservation

Effects of transplacental exposure to chlorinated phenols.

“…Feed samples were also analyzed for PCP content (Table 5). The analysis correlated reasonably well with the target concentrations of 5,50 and 500 ppm. Purity of the PCP mixture used in preparation of the PCP diet was analyzed by the Dow Chemical Company ( Table 6).…”

“…These compounds consist of mono-, di-, tri-and tetrachloro isomers and a pentachlorophenol. The chlorinated phenols are effective disinfectants, antiseptics, fungicides, slimicides, bactericides, wood preservatives, herbicides, insecticides, and molluscicides (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). The widespread use of these chemicals in industry and agriculture has resulted in contamination of food producing animals and the environment.…”

Biological Factors Influencing the Effectiveness of Wood Preservatives against Decay1

“…There are numerous laboratory reports concerning individual decay fungi that are highly tolerant to particular toxicants. Carswell and Hatfield (1939) found a relatively high toleranice to 0-naphthol and a creosote for the white rots and a copper intolerant browvn rot fungus; the, white rots do well against some anions (Rabanus, 1981). Zabel (1954) and Schulze et al (1950) bring together a n-umber of such reports, most of which have been based on trials in vitro.…”

“…Of 13 arrays of thresholds for different decay fungi encountered in the literature, the actual concentrations were positively skewed in 10, while their logarithms showed much less skewness, positive in 6 arrays, negative in 5, and none in 2. The logarithms of the threshold concentrations for the different fungi in the agar trials of Rabanus (1931), Richards (1924Richards ( , 1925, Baechler (1938) and Carswell and Hatfield (1939) agree in general with the wood-block trials of Cowling (1957) and those summarized by Schulze et al (1950) in showing wide scatter for arsenicals, decreasing through the heavy metals to a more moderate range for pentachlorophenol, and relatively narrow ones for sodium bichromate and sodium fluoride, which owe their effect to the anions. As might be expected, mix-tures such as creosote and Wolman salts showed narrower ranges than did some of the single chemicals, though there were rather large differences in reactions to mixtures that contained arsenic.…”

“…Coal-tar creosote, a mixture of numerous chemicals, is efficient against nearly all wood-rotters, but against one, Lentinus lepideus, it too frequently fails. Fortunately L. lepideus was found in the laboratory to be intolerant of pentachlorophenol (Carswell andHatfield, 1939, andRichards, 1950) with the result that addition to creosote of relatively small amounts of the chlorophenol gives excellent protection. With more information on the fungi that resist particular preservatives, the same sort of intelligent mixture should be possible with other chemicals.…”