Pensions at a Glance

Développement, Banque Interaméricaine de; mondiale, La Banque

doi:10.1787/pension_glance-2014-en

Cited by 62 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The availability of physicians is positively related to a region's life expectancy at birth -an effect that remains significant even when controlling for GDP per capita (OECD, 2014). While the number of active physicians per 1 000 older people is a measure of capacity rather than accessibility, it is nevertheless a relevant proxy for access to adequate health care services as an indicator of interregional old-age inequality.…”

Section: Uneven Access To Health Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The old-age dependency ratio will almost double in the next 35 years on average

2017

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Hervé Boulhol led the team and coordinated the project and the publication. Monika Queisser supervised the preparation of this report and provided useful comments on various drafts. Chapters 2 to 6 were edited by Ken Kincaid. Marlène Mohier prepared the manuscript for publication and Kate Lancaster (Public Affairs and Communications Directorate) contributed to the editing of the report. Christelle Cordova and Natalie Lagorce, both from the Social Policy Division, provided useful technical assistance.

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Section: Uneven Access To Health Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, access to transport services remains a critical issue for the elderly, particularly in remote rural areas, as they grow less autonomous with age and increasingly prone to isolation. Restricted access to services is also a major challenge in urban areas (OECD, 2014).…”

Section: Access To Public Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

The old-age dependency ratio will almost double in the next 35 years on average

2017

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“…'Immigrant-friendly targeting' enables access for every older-age individual living in the country (no citizenship or residency targeting), while 'legal residence targeting' enables access for older-age immigrants without requesting any specific period of residency prior application (no citizenship targeting). Author´s elaboration Sources: (ECLAC, n.d.; HelpAge International, n.d.;OECD et al, 2014;Social Security Administration, 2016; and national social security laws)…”

Section: Research Technique: Qualitative Comparative Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking universalism: Older-age international migrants and social pensions in Latin America and the Caribbean

Cruz‐Martínez

2019

Global Social Policy

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This article criticises the social policy literature for equating universalism to the universal coverage of citizens. The current so-called ‘universal’ social protection systems guarantee social citizen rights, while the revisited truly universalism guarantees social human rights for everyone. Crisp-set qualitative comparative analysis (csQCA) is used to map and track the level of exclusiveness or inclusiveness into social pensions in the existing 30 social pension programmes on 28 Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries. The article examines the various paths of eligibility requirements in social pensions conditioning three specific outcomes: (1) access for every older-age individual (truly universal), (2) access for every category of immigrant (no targeting by citizenship or residency) and (3) access for older-age immigrants with legal resident status (targeting by residency but not by citizenship). The research makes several contributions. First, it offers a useful inventory of the eligibility requirements for access to the 30 social pensions in LAC. Second, it proposes an analytical framework to redefine universalism after considering the migration-social policy nexus. Contrary to what the literature claims, there are no universal social pensions in the region. Third, the analysis indicates that only in two countries, Cuba and Jamaica, social pensions have immigrant-friendly targeting rules, requiring neither citizenship nor any length of residency to become a beneficiary. A total of 12 countries require citizenship and 24 of them a certain number of years of residency. Moreover, the overwhelming majority of social pensions are means tested. Finally, the csQCA allows identifying patterns of targeting mechanisms and is used to propose five exploratory regimes of inclusionary social pensions. The article calls for protected international mobility of the older-age population in the form of a truly universalistic system in which the entire aged population has the right to a social pension. Only then, countries would truly adhere to Article 22 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

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“…Rica has defined-benefit and defined-contribution as well as non-contributory elements (OECD/IDB/World Bank, 2014). Ghana currently has a three-tier system for private and public sector employees with defined-contribution and defined-benefit components (Social…”

Section: Public Expenditures Have Generally Risenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immigrants' contribution to value added is often similar to their employment share: Immigrants estimated share of value added and of the employed

2018

How Immigrants Contribute to Developing Countries' Economies

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Pensions at a Glance

Cited by 62 publications

References 26 publications

The old-age dependency ratio will almost double in the next 35 years on average

The old-age dependency ratio will almost double in the next 35 years on average

Rethinking universalism: Older-age international migrants and social pensions in Latin America and the Caribbean

Immigrants' contribution to value added is often similar to their employment share: Immigrants estimated share of value added and of the employed

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