Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma Clinicopathological Features, Nodal Metastasis and Outcome in 333 Cases

Guimarães, Gustavo Cardoso; Cunha, Isabela Werneck da; Soares, Fernando Augusto; Lopes, Ademar; Torres, José; Chaux, Alcides; Velázquez, Elsa F.; Ayala, Gustavo; Cubilla, Antonio L.

doi:10.1016/j.juro.2009.04.028

Cited by 122 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…3,17 Often it is problematic to classify and evaluate the prognostic significance of these mixed variants. Well known is the mixed usual-verrucous (hybrid) carcinoma with its increased risk for nodal metastasis when compared with pure verrucous carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] About one-third of penile tumors are exophytic and papillomatous and the differential diagnosis among them may be problematic. 2,3 Exophytic verruciform tumors include giant condylomas, verrucous, warty (condylomatous), papillary, not otherwise specified carcinomas, and the recently described carcinoma cuniculatum. These neoplasms are associated with a good prognosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…These neoplasms are associated with a good prognosis. [2][3][4][5][6] Other subtypes of penile squamous cell carcinomas, including usual, sarcomatoid, and basaloid carcinomas, do not depict a papillomatous pattern of growth and their prognoses range from intermediate to poor. 2,3,[7][8][9][10] After examination of a large number of penile carcinomas, we have occasionally encountered tumors morphologically composed of an admixture of warty and basaloid carcinomas.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4][5][6] Other subtypes of penile squamous cell carcinomas, including usual, sarcomatoid, and basaloid carcinomas, do not depict a papillomatous pattern of growth and their prognoses range from intermediate to poor. 2,3,[7][8][9][10] After examination of a large number of penile carcinomas, we have occasionally encountered tumors morphologically composed of an admixture of warty and basaloid carcinomas. The association of these special subtypes of penile carcinomas, both showing different morphological features and biological behavior, [2][3][4]7 is not surprising considering their presumed common human papillomavirus-related pathogenesis.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…2,3,[7][8][9][10] After examination of a large number of penile carcinomas, we have occasionally encountered tumors morphologically composed of an admixture of warty and basaloid carcinomas. The association of these special subtypes of penile carcinomas, both showing different morphological features and biological behavior, [2][3][4]7 is not surprising considering their presumed common human papillomavirus-related pathogenesis. [11][12][13] In a recent large survey of human papillomavirus in invasive penile tumors, warty-basaloid carcinomas were recognized as a special tumor subtype.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Warty–basaloid carcinoma: clinicopathological features of a distinctive penile neoplasm. Report of 45 cases

Chaux¹,

Tamboli

Ayala

et al. 2010

Modern Pathology

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Most penile cancers are squamous cell carcinomas, but there are several subtypes with different clinicopathologic, viral, and outcome features. We are presenting 45 cases of a distinctive morphological variant of penile squamous cell carcinoma composed of mixed features of warty and basaloid carcinomas. This tumor was earlier recognized in a recent viral study and showed a high association with human papillomavirus infection. However, clinicopathologic features are not well known. In this multi-institutional study, patients' mean age was 62 years. Most tumors (64%) invaded multiple anatomical compartments, including glans, coronal sulcus, and, especially, inner foreskin mucosa. Tumor size ranged from 2 to 12 cm (mean 5.5 cm). Three morphological patterns were recognized: (1) the most common, observed in two-thirds of the cases was that of a typical condylomatous tumor on surface and basaloid features in deep infiltrative nests; (2) in 15% of the cases, there were non-papillomatous invasive carcinoma nests with mixed basaloid and warty features; and (3) unusually, predominantly papillomatous. Invasion of penile erectile tissues was frequent, either corpus spongiosum or cavernosum (47% each). Tumors limited to lamina propria were rare. Most tumors were of high grade (89%). Vascular and perineural invasion were found in about one-half and one-quarter of cases, respectively. Associated penile intraepithelial neoplasia was identified in 19 cases and mostly showed basaloid, warty-basaloid, or warty features. Inguinal nodal metastases were found in 11/21 patients with groin dissections. Invasion of corpora cavernosa, high histological grade, and presence of vascular/perineural invasion were more prevalent in metastatic cases. In 21 patients followed, the cancer-specific mortality rate was 33% with a mean survival time of 2.8 years. Warty-basaloid carcinomas are morphologically distinctive human papillomavirus-related penile neoplasms that, such as basaloid carcinomas, are biologically more aggressive than typical warty carcinoma from which they should be distinguished.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%