Penggunaan Habitat dan Pemodelan Distribusi Spasial Macan Tutul Jawa di Kawasan Gunung Sawal, Jawa Barat

Abstract

Javan leopard (Panthera pardus melas) is a protected top predator classified as critically endangered and one of 25 national priority animals. Data and information regarding habitat use and modeling of the spatial distribution of the javan leopard using MaxEnt are still limited. This study aims to identify the habitat use of the javan leopard and predict the habitat suitability of the javan leopard. Data were collected by camera trap, exploration method, and environmental variable data using the Maximum Entropy method. The analysis was performed using the Relative Use Index, Maximum Entropy modeling, and the Relative Abundance Index. Based on the results, the habitat use of javan leopard with the highest value was found in the habitat type of primary natural forest, with an elevation of 751-1,250 m above sea level and steep slopes (26-40%), and without human disturbance. The most influential environmental variables are distance from the prey, slopes, and elevation. There are three management implications of this study, 1) maintaining the suitable and improving the less suitable area for the javan leopard. 2) Integration between the conservation area and the surrounding forest area shall accommodate the javan leopard population. 3) Conflict mitigation is essential to do through collaboration between all stakeholders.

Analysis of Changes in Habitat Suitability of the Javan Leopard (Panthera pardus melas, Cuvier 1809) on Java Island, 2000–2020

“…As the population density increases, human settlements begin to approach the forest area habitats, often causing the leopards to enter residential areas to hunt livestock. Locating community cattle pens close to forest areas can worsen this problem [14]. Leopards prefer prey between 25 and 50 kg or less than half their body size, such as goats and poultry [1].…”

“…This study used environmental parameters to predict habitat suitability, including physical and biological conditions. Biological conditions include forests, water bodies, shrubs, agriculture, and plantations [13,14]. The Javan leopard prefers dense forest vegetation as its habitat, utilizing lush forest vegetation as a place to find food, water, and shelter, and for breeding [15].…”

“…Physical conditions were represented by the variable distance from the river [14,17,18] and anthropogenic disturbance was represented by settlements [14,17]. The anthropogenic disturbance factor has a notable effect on the Javan leopard [14]. We obtained settlement data from [19].…”

Spatial Analysis of Mountain and Lowland Anoa Habitat Potential Using the Maximum Entropy and Random Forest Algorithm

“…The accuracy assessment for each model variable was measured by the Area Under Curve (AUC) of the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve. The minimum acceptable model accuracy and performance standard is when the Random Prediction value reaches above or is equal to 0.5 (AUC = 0.5) [22]. The AUC value ranges from 0 to 1.…”

Classification Analysis of Industrial Buildings Using Orthophoto and NDSM Data with Deep Learning Approach (Case Study: Kali Rungkut Village, Surabaya)

“…In addition, using a confusion matrix in evaluating model performance for classification results, another way is to use Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves, which in the model is measured by Area Under Curve (AUC) value. The minimum acceptable standard accuracy and model performance is when the Random Prediction value is above or equal to 0.5 (AUC = 0.5) [17].…”