Pengaruh Lama Autoclave Terhadap Kualitas Kimia Wheat Pollard Yang Berpotensi Sebagai Prebiotik

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh lama pemanasan wheat pollard dengan autoclave untuk mendapatkan monomer-monomer yang berpotensi sebagai prebiotik. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola searah dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah kadar air, abu, lemak kasar, protein kasar, serat kasar dan bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN), acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), selulosa, hemiselulosa, lignin, gross energi, mannosa, arabinosa, glukosa, sukrosa, rafinosa, amilosa, amilum, amilopektin, resisten starch dan profil wheat pollard melalui scanning electron microscope (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh perlakuan (p<0.05) terhadap kadar air, abu, protein kasar, serat kasar, BETN, NDF, hemiselulosa, lignin, selulosa, gros energi, rafinosa, glukosa, arabinosa, sukrosa, amilosa, amilum, amilopektin, resistan starch namun pada lemak kasar, ADF dan manosa tidak berpengaruh nyata (p>0.05). Indikator wheat pollard sebagai prebiotik terlihat dari peningkatan kadar rafinosa, arabinosa dan resistan starch berturut-turut sebesar 0.72% menjadi 3.95%; 0.51% menjadi 1.04%; 0.51% menjadi 1.04% dan 5.28% menjadi 14.15%. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah wheat pollard yang diautoclave selama 15 menit memberikan komposisi terbaik sebagai prebiotik.The objective of this study was to examine the long-term effect of warming wheat pollard by autoclave to obtain potentially prebiotic monomers. The study used a completely randomized design pattern in the same direction with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The parameters observed were water content, ash, crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber, extract without nitrogen, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, gross energy, mannosa, arabinose, glucose, sucrose, raffinose, amylose, starch, amylopectin, resistance starch and wheat pollard profile through scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that there was a treatment effect (p <0.05) on moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fiber, BETN, NDF, hemicellulose, lignin, cellulose, gros energy, raffinose, glucose, arabinose, sucrose, amylose, starch, amylopectin , resistance starch but in crude fat, ADF and mannose did not have a significant effect (p>0.05). The indicator of wheat pollard as a prebiotic is seen from an increase in raffinose, arabinose and resistance starch levels of 0.72% to 3.95%; 0.51% to 1.04%; 0.51% to 1.04% and 5.28% to 14.15%. The conclusion of the study was that wheat pollard which was autoclaved for 15 minutes gave the best composition as a prebiotic.

Effects of Probiotic, Prebiotic, and Synbiotic Mixed Culture Based on Wheat Pollard on Productivity of Kampung’s Chicken

“…After mixing evenly, put wheat pollard into the autoclave and heated to 121°C for 15 minutes. After that, dried the wheat pollard, in an oven at 50° C for ± 48 hours, then mashed the wheat pollard using a disk mill until it was in the form of flour and ready to be used as prebiotic wheat pollard (Utama et al 2019). The formula for adding 45% water-based on Utama et al (2017) was as follows:…”

“…It started with making probiotics from fermented cabbage juice (Utama et al 2018a;2018b). and made prebiotics from wheat pollard (Utama et al 2019). Prebiotic wheat pollard had 45% water content so it needed to be added with water up to 70% water.…”

“…Based on the composition of the ration (Table 1) the fiber content in the treatment feed were fairly the same, as well as the content of amylose, starch, and amylopectin. Utama et al (2019) stated that the content of hemicellulose, lignin, starch, amylose, and amylopectin in wheat pollard was still considered normal for poultry feed. Consumption of the rations with similar pollard levels (40%) also resulted in the same nitrogen retention.…”

“…Utama et al (2017) stated that food fibers such as arabinosa, mannosa, raffinosa, and resistant starch could modulate microorganisms in the intestine, producing SCFA which had the potential to stimulate the growth of villi. Resistant starch was very effective in producing SCFA especially butyrate in the large intestine and could reduce (Utama et al 2019). Abdel-Raheem et al 2012and Mookiah et al (2014) also reported that the application of probiotics and prebiotics in broiler diets significantly increased the use of dietary nitrogen.…”

Microbiology Study of Fermented Wheat Pollards With the Addition of Vitamins and Minerals

“…Prebiotik yang dimaksud adalah resisten starch. Kandungan resisten starch adalah bagian pati yang tahan terhadap pencernaan amilase pankreas di usus kecil, dengan demikian langsung dapat mencapai ke usus besar (Utama et al, 2019). Prebiotik merupakan bahan pakan probiotik.…”