Pengaruh Cahaya Terhadap Produksi Fukosantin Chaetoceros calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano 1968 (Bacillariophyceae: Chaetocerotaceae)

Abstract

Fucoxanthin is a pigment of the carotenoid group that can be used in the food and human health. The demand for natural carotenoid in the global market is quite high for food nutrition, food colorant, medicine, and cosmetic. Chaetoceros calcitrans included sea diatom rich in carotenoid, mainly fucoxanthin. This research aim is to optimize C. calcitrans cultivation using different light intensity treatment to create high fucoxanthin quantity. Light intensity treatment consisted of 4 levels : 1.000, 1.500, 2.000, and 2.500 lx with 2 replications. The culture process was done in medium-scale (60 L) for 14 days, enriched with diatom’s fertilizer, vitamin B, silica at temperature 25-27oC, salinity 32-33‰, pH 8-8,5, and DO 7-9 mg/g. Biomass and pigments were harvested in stationer phase, two days after the peak of logarithmic growth. Pigments analysis used Spektrofotometry method, absorbance values were measured in wavelengths 445, 632, 649, 663, 665, and 696 nm. The results showed that light intensity treatment was not significant in biomass weight (p=0,06), but it is very significant to cells density (p=0,01) and fucoxanthin production (p=0,01). In conclusion, the light intensity of 2.500 lx was effective to obtain the highest fucoxanthin at the amount of 10,13 ±1,62 mg dw with productivity at 0,17±0,03 mg/g culture media. The increase of light intensity correlated positively with the increase of fucoxanthin production with regression equation y = 0,006x-4,938 (r = 0,96). The increase in light intensity reaching 2500 lx in Chaetoceros calcitrans culture is proven can accelerate fucoxanthin biosynthesis, therefore the method can be applied to increase its production. Fukosantin merupakan salah satu karotenoid yang bermanfaat dalam bidang pangan dan kesehatan manusia. Permintaan karotenoid alami di pasar global besar sekali untuk berbagai kegunaan dalam bidang nutrisi makanan, pewarna makanan, obat-obatan, dan kosmetik. Chaetoceros calcitrans termasuk diatom laut yang kaya karotenoid, terutama fukosantin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimasi kultur C. calcitrans dengan menggunakan perlakuan intensitas cahaya berbeda agar memproduksi fukosantin yang tinggi. Perlakuan intensitas cahaya terdiri dari 4 taraf : 1.000, 1.500, 2.000, dan 2.500 lx dengan 2 kali ulangan. Kultur dilakukan dalam skala medium (60 L) selama 14 hari, diperkaya dengan pupuk diatom, vitamin B, silikat pada suhu 25-27oC, salinitas 32-33‰, pH 8-8,5, dan DO 7-9 mg/g. Pemanenan biomassa dilakukan saat fase stasioner, yaitu 2 hari setelah puncak logaritmik. Analisis pigmen menggunakan metode Spektrofotometri, nilai absorbansi diukur pada panjang gelombang 445, 632, 649, 663, 665, dan 696 nm. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa perlakuan intensitas cahaya tidak berpengaruh nyata (p=0,06) terhadap berat biomassa, tetapi sangat berpengaruh nyata terhadap kepadatan sel (p=0,01) dan produksi fukosantin (p=0,01). Pemberian intensitas cahaya 2.500 lx menghasilkan produksi fukosantin tertinggi, yaitu sebesar 10,13 ±1,62 mg dw dengan produktivitas sebesar 0,17±0,03 mg/g media kultur. Kenaikan intensitas cahaya berkorelasi positif dengan kenaikan produksi fukosantin dengan persamaan regresi y = 0,006x - 4,938 (r = 0,96). Peningkatan intensitas cahaya sampai 2500 lx pada kultur Chaetoceros calcitrans terbukti dapat memacu biosintesis fukosantin, sehingga metode tersebut bisa diaplikasikan untuk menaiknya produksinya.

The effects of Chaetoceros sp. meal as a feed supplement on color expression, growth performance and survival rate of discus (Symphysodon discus)

“…Chaetoceros sp. including marine diatoms that are commonly cultivated and rich in carotenoids, especially fucoxanthin where fucoxanthin production will increase when entering the stationary phase [23][24][25].…”