Penetration of Cefuroxime and Ceftazidime into Human Lungs

Abstract

We have studied the penetration of cefuroxime and ceftazidime into lung tissue of 40 patients subjected to pulmonary surgery. Samples of blood and lung tissue were taken 1 and 2 h after antibiotic administration. Patients were randomly assigned to four dosage schedule groups: group A received a single intravenous injection of 750 mg cefuroxime; the lung tissue levels at 1 and 2 h were 9.6 ± 3.1 and 4.54 ± 2.64 μg/g of cefuroxime; the percentage penetration from serum into the lung tissue was 33.7 and 34.6%, respectively. Group B patients received three doses of 750 mg cefuroxime; lung tissue levels were 17.1 ± 7.7 and 14.7 ± 5.4 μg/g, the percentage of penetration being 89.1 and 102.8% at 1 and 2 h. Group C received a single intravenous injection of 1 g ceftazidime; the lung tissue levels were 16.3 ± 10.1 and 10 ± 5.04 μg/g; the percentage of penetration from serum was 38.3 and 35.3%. Group D received three doses of 1 g ceftazidime; the lung tissue concentrations were 11.98 ± 7.5 and 8.5 ± 7.3 μg/g and the percentage of penetration 35.1 and 32.2% at 1 and 2 h after last dose.

Anti-inflammatory effects of antibacterials on human bronchial epithelial cells

“…The concentration of cefuroxime used in our experiments covers a range of serum and intrapulmonary concentrations after oral and continuous i.v. administration in humans [31-34]. Additionally we used a concentration of cefuroxime (62.5 mg/L) above these therapeutic intrapulmonary concentrations.…”

Cefuroxime efficacy in treatment of bacteremic pneumonia due to penicillin-resistant and cefuroxime-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae

“…Moreover, it has been demonstrated that the most important pharmacokinetic parameter for the killing effect of cephalosporins in vivo is the time above MIC (4). Finally, levels in lung tissue of 17.1 g/ml at 1 h and 14.7 g/ml at 2 h have been attained after 750 mg of intravenous cefuroxime (11).…”

Pharmacokinetics and tissue concentrations of cefuroxime

“…In a second group of 10 patients, given three doses of 750 mg cefuroxime, the tissue levels were 17.1__7.7 and 14.7_+5.4 ~g/g and the percentage of penetration was 89.1 and 102.8 at 1 and 2 h, respectively [36].…”