Penetrating eye injuries in children of the West Bank and Gaza strip

Elder, Mark

doi:10.1038/eye.1993.85

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…1,3,19 Several factors may account for this difference, including less accurate assessment of the initial visual acuity of an anxious child and the presence of a marked corneal oedema or traumatic cataract in children with a delay of initial presentation. The indicators of poor prognosis identified here are similar to those identified by other studies, 19,23 comprising length of wound 411 mm, mixed corneoscleral wound location, and involvement of the lens and posterior segment. The size of the causative agents proved not to be a significant prognostic factor, as penetrating ocular injuries caused by small-sized agents, such as thorns and wire, did not have a significantly better visual outcome.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Penetrating eye injuries in South African children: aetiology and visual outcome

Grieshaber

Stegmann

2005

Eye

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Penetrating eye injuries in South African children: aetiology and visual outcome

Grieshaber

Stegmann

2005

Eye

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“…The practice of throwing stones starts early among Palestinians and accounts for significant numbers of 'accidental' penetrating ocular Eye injuries in children. In a 2-year study of penetrating eye injuries in Palestinian children, Elder 12 estimates the national incidence of such injuries at 2% which is high compared with other countries. In his study, carried out at a more peaceful time, 14% of the injuries were attributable to the military occupation and most others were the result of dangerous play.…”

Section: Eyementioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular rubber bullet injuries

Lavy

Asleh

2003

Eye

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Purpose To report the type and severity of ocular and orbital injuries caused by rubber bullets. Methods A total of 42 consecutive patients seen over a 3-month period with ocular and orbital rubber bullet injuries were assessed clinically and radiographically within 1 day of injury, and the findings were recorded. Clinical outcomes following treatment were also recorded up to 6 months postinjury. Results A total of 90% of the patients were male. The mean age of patients was 25.0 years (4-60). Of the patients, 54% had lid or skin lacerations, 40% hyphaema, 38% ruptured globe, 33% orbital fracture, 26% retinal damage, and 21% retained rubber bullet in or around the orbit. At follow-up, 53% of the patients had a visual acuity of less than 6/60, 7% less than 6/18 to 6/60, and 40% 6/18 or better. Conclusions The term 'rubber bullet' is misleading. 'Rubber bullets' cause a wide variety of ocular and periocular injuries. Orbital fractures are common. The tissues of the orbit are easily penetrated. If the globe is hit, it is rarely salvageable.

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“…The spherical projectiles are about 20 mm in diameter and enter the orbit readily, grossly disrupt ing the soft tissues of the orbit and not uncommonly causing fractures of the orbital bones. 5 The muzzle velocity is 240 m/s. 5 We found projectiles in the maxillary sinus.…”

Section: Rubber and Plastic Bulletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 The muzzle velocity is 240 m/s. 5 We found projectiles in the maxillary sinus. Balouris 6 notes that the security forces use both rubber and plastic bullets which are often fired from multiple dispensers attached to automatic rifles.…”

Section: Rubber and Plastic Bulletsmentioning

confidence: 99%