Penetrating cranial injury due to gunshot in a dog: a case report

Abstract

A ten-month old, male Black and Tan Coonhound dog was referred with ocular bleeding due to gunshot injury. His mental state was normal. A computed tomography revealed that the bullet was planted in the left cranium. It was presumed that the trajectory of the bullet penetrated from the right medial angle of the eye to the orbit, and changed its track to caudo-dorsal by penetrating the cranium, ending up at the left cranium. The bullet was removed by lateral rostrotentorial craniectomy. No complications were observed during a oneyear follow-up except the blindness in the right eye. This is a rare case of gunshot-induced traumatic brain injury featuring a bullet which went through the orbit into the cranium. The damaged frontal lobe seemed to show no neurological signs at the time of first examination in this case. In conclusion, a less aggressive surgical approach is recommended to remove bullets when they are accessible.

Penetrating gunshot wound, emphysema and inanition followed by death in a wild Asian elephant: a case report

“…Some literature stated that, gunshot induced penetrating head injuries proceed high mortality in dogs and humans with some obvious signs like as contra-lateral blindness, facial paralysis, seizure, drooping head etc. 8,18,19 In the current case, two bullets that were entered through forehead and embedded in the frontal sinus, was the probable cause of blindness of the left eye. Although, there was no external bleeding however internal bleeding along with blood and blood clots were revealed in postmortem examination.…”

“…5 Some cases reported that animals got survived due to early diagnosis, proper treatment and less severity of injury. [7][8][9][10] Gunshot wounds require the surgical treatment to remove the existing bullet as well as necrotic tissues from the animal's body. Antibiotic and antiinflammatory drugs are widely used to treat the gunshot wound.…”

“…[4][5][6] Gunshot wound has been reported before in different species of wild and domesticated animals or pet. [7][8][9][10] Therefore the case report is presenting the management and treatment of gunshot wound induced emphysema and inanition as well as post mortem confirmation of the findings.…”

ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY AND RADIOLOGY APPEARANCE OF BALLISTIC WOUND RESULT OF CAL. 177 AIR RIFLE WITH 4,5 MM PELLETS ON EXTRIMITY OF THE DOG (Canis lupus familiaris) AT DIFFERENT SHOOTING DISTANCES

“…The grease collar on the wound edges are not visible. The pellet used was of the round shape type and had an average weight of 0.54 g. The 10x pumping result based on the specification of the air rifle used in this research showed that the muzzle velocity (projectile speed as it leaves the barrel) is 715 fps or 218m / s if it is equalised up to 784.8 km / h. The energy generated by the rifle used in this study belongs to the low energy bracket i.e <400J [9]. The kinetic energy of the projectile upon leaving the barrel is 12.83 J or equivalent to 9.42 fpe.…”

An Optimized Computed Tomography Protocol for Metallic Gunshot Head Trauma in a Seal Model

“…C omputed tomography (CT) is commonly used to evaluate dogs, cats, horses, and other veterinary patients with head trauma . Accidental head trauma due to ballistic injuries is relatively rare in domestic animals but, if it does occur, it is essential to assess the exact shrapnel location, distribution, size, and proximity to structures with vital functions . Radiography is frequently inaccurate for depicting the exact lesion location .…”