Pendant benzene in hydrogenated diamond-like carbon

Tamor, M. A.; Wu, C. H.; Carter, R. O.; Lindsay, N. E.

doi:10.1063/1.101603

Cited by 48 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…29 A peak centered at 1490 cm Ϫ1 can be attributed to semicircle stretching of carbon atoms in single aromatic rings or fused aromatic rings. 29,31 Another possible explanation for the peak at 1470 cm Ϫ1 ͑in finite-size crystals of graphite͒ was given by Nemanich and Solin, 8 who attributed this peak to contributions from the phonon DOS.…”

Section: A G Peak and D Peak In Amorphous (Hydrogenated) Carbon Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman spectroscopy on amorphous carbon films

Schwan

Ulrich

Batori

et al. 1996

Journal of Applied Physics

1,239

637

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The origin and interpretation of the Raman features of amorphous ͑hydrogenated͒ carbon films deposited at room temperature in the region of 1000-1700 cm Ϫ1 is discussed in this paper. Possible interpretations of the linewidths, positions of the ''G'' graphite peak and ''D'' disordered peak, and their intensity ratios are examined using results obtained from magnetron sputtered and magnetic field enhanced plasma deposited films. It is shown that even small ''clusters'' of condensed benzene rings ͑cluster size below 20 Å͒ in carbon films can explain the observed Raman scattering. Besides the care that should be taken in the correct interpretation of Raman results, the utility of Raman scattering in obtaining an estimate of cluster sizes in amorphous ͑hydrogenated͒ carbon films is discussed. Carbon films prepared by magnetron sputtering show two additional Raman features at 1180 and 1490 cm Ϫ1 in addition to the G and D peaks. It is shown that a correlation exists between the 1180 cm Ϫ1 peak and the sp 3 content in the films.

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Section: A G Peak and D Peak In Amorphous (Hydrogenated) Carbon Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman spectroscopy on amorphous carbon films

Schwan

Ulrich

Batori

et al. 1996

Journal of Applied Physics

1,239

637

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“…This was DLC film deposited on steel substrate at 30 mtorr. Most C-H vibrational modes reported for 1000 to 1300 and 2800 to 3300 cm −1 by others [3,5,7] To obtain information about vacancies in both formations, diamond and graphite, different samples were grown at 50 mtorr. Figure (2a-c) shows UV-visible absorption spectra of films deposited on copper, aluminium and steel simultaneously for 30 minutes.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Various physical and chemical techniques such as, sputtering [1], pulsed laser [2], radio frequency (rf) [3], electrolysis [4], microwave enhanced [5,6], plasma beam [7], hot filament [8], direct current (dc) discharge plasma [9], were used to make DLC and a-C:H films. The gases which are used in most of these deposition methods are C 2 H 2 , CH 4 and C 2 H 6 pure or mixed with hydrogen.…”

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confidence: 99%

Diamond-like carbon film from liquid gas on metallic substrates

Vesaghi

Shafiekhani

1998

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Liquid gas was used to produce DLC films on Cu, Al and steel substrates by DC plasma technique. The absorption in IR reflectance indicates, grown films are DLC. By deconvolution of room temperature UVvisible spectra of the films grown at 50 mtorr and 200 • C, in addition to the spectra lines reported for CL, PL, PLC and ESR, some new spectra lines were obtained. We also, have seen exciton absorption line at room temperature.PACS number: 71.35.C, 78.40, 81.05.T, 78.66, 61.72.J Typeset using REVT E X * e-mail address: vesaghi@physic.sharif.ac.ir † e-mail address: ashafie@theory.ipm. [9], were used to make DLC and a-C:H films. The gases which are used in most of these deposition methods are C 2 H 2 , CH 4 and C 2 H 6 pure or mixed with hydrogen. In all these techniques neutral or ionized atoms of carbon or various hydrocarbon precursor ions have been produced. These species with free (dangling) hand reach substrate, and those with sufficient time and energy stick to substrate and to each other.It is now well understood that films deposited by these techniques are amorphous or diamond-like carbon with no-long range order in structure. Because of the non-equilibrium nature of the growth, there must be some vacancies in these films [5]. These vacancies are produced by the impact of the ions reaching the growth surfaces with sufficient energy, sputtering off weak bonded species or damaging these surfaces. Also, there are vacancies in the domain-walls of the microcrystals. The vacancies at the surface of substrate with film are less important since the area of this surface is much smaller than total area of domain-walls. The quality of the film is dependent on the nature and the numbers of these defects. If one understands the nature of such defects and is able to control their numbers, one would be able to control the film quality and to use them as a source for coherent luminescence and other purposes.Cathodoluminescence (CL) [10,11], photoluminescence (PL) [2,6], positron-life time spectroscopy (PLS) [12] and electron-spin resonance (ESR) [13] methods are used for vacancy identification.The aim of this work is to show the possibility of making DLC films from liquid gas on metallic substrates and to obtain information about vacancies from UV-visible reflectance of DLC films.Carbon films were deposited on polished 2 × 3cm copper, steel and aluminium substrates from liquid gas (60% Butane and 40% Propane) by dc plasma technique. The substrate temperature was 200 • C and it was grounded. The chamber was flashed from 1 mtorr three times prior to deposition. The pressure and the gas flow were kept constant during deposition. Saturation voltage was applied to anode. Double beam Perkin-Elmer UV-visible spectrometer was used to measure the reflection and absorption of the films. The angle of incident beam was 6 • and measurements were done at room temperature. IR spectra was obtained at room temperature by Perkin-Elmer IR spectrometer. FIGURESFIG. 1. Room temperature IR spectra in a reflective mode for DLC film de...

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“…The first phase has a Raman band at 1486 cm −1 , while the other has a band at 1600 cm −1 . The 1486 cm −1 band may also have its origin due to the semi circle stretch vibrations in benzene or in the benzene clusters, while the 1600 cm −1 may have an alternative origin from C=C sp 2 stretch vibrations of olefinic or conjugated carbon chains [24,25]. It may be noted that the 1486 cm −1 band should not be confused with the D-band (which appear at ∼1380 cm −1 , and is related to the disordered graphite).…”

Section: Structural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 94%