Pemphigus Acantholysis: A Unique Immunological Injury

Schiltz, John R.

doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12543775

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In patients with pemphigus induced by those drugs, acantholytic splitting was mainly lo cated at the subcorneal level (high acantho-lysis; table I). Such a discrepancy is similar to that observed with the intercellular anti bodies of idiopathic pemphigus foliaceus: the antibodies mainly provoke low acantholysis in vitro, but they are responsible for high acantholysis in vivo [17,18]. The rea son why the same acantholytic factor, either drug or antibody, is able to provoke different cleavage levels in different conditions is still unknown.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

In vitro Acantholysis by Captopril and Thiopronine

Ruocco

Angelis²,

Lombardi³

et al. 1988

Dermatology

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The possible acantholytic property of captopril and thiopronine has been investigated using in vitro tissue cultures. Normal human breast skin explants have been cultured in Hanks’ balanced salt solution containing 40% normal inactivated human serum with the addition of L-cysteine, or reduced glutathione (GSH), or captopril, or thiopronine, at four different concentrations (1, 5, 10, 15 mM). Patterns of diffuse, mainly suprabasal acantholysis, with formation of bullae, were observed in the skin explants cultured with captopril or thiopronine at a 15-mM concentration after 5 days of culture; intraepidermal splits were present also at a 10-mM concentration. Focal acantholysis was seen in specimens cultured with L-cysteine or GSH at a 15-mM concentration. No lesions occurred in the samples treated with lower concentrations of the above substances, nor in controls. The results show a biochemical acantholytic potential of both captopril and thiopronine, resembling that of penicillamine in similar experimental conditions, and consonant with clinical observations of pemphigus induced by drugs containing thiol groups in their molecule (SH drugs).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

In vitro Acantholysis by Captopril and Thiopronine

Ruocco

Angelis²,

Lombardi³

et al. 1988

Dermatology

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“…11 Mechanisms of blister formation by autoantibodies in blistering diseases have been studied by several groups using different in vitro and in vivo experimental model systems. 12,13 Detailed structural studies demonstrated that binding of PV IgG to the ectodomain of Dsg 3 leads to clustering and internalization of the autoantibody-antigen complexes 14 and, subsequently, to the loss of cell-cell adhesion. 15 Increase in inositol triphosphate, intracellular calcium and protein kinase C have been observed in keratinocytes incubated with PV IgG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of desmoglein ELISA in the clinical correlation and disease monitoring of pemphigus vulgaris

Anand

Khandpur

Sharma

et al. 2011

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…Heated serum also led to acantholysis, which showed that the pathogenesis of pemphigus was not complement dependent [8, 19, 20]. The demonstration that Fab fragments of pemphigus IgG also induce acantholysis confirmed the concept that complement fixation was not a necessary step in this disease [21]. Acantholysis thus is independent of IgG subclass.…”

Section: Organ Cultures Of Human Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Human Cell and Tissue Models of Pemphigus

Wier

Pas

Jonkman

2010

Dermatology Research and Practice

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Pemphigus is a chronic mucocutaneous autoimmune bullous disease that is characterized by loss of cell-cell contact in skin and/or mucous membranes. Past research has successfully identified desmosomes as immunological targets and has demonstrated that acantholysis is initiated through direct binding of IgG. The exact mechanisms of acantholysis, however, are still missing. Experimental model systems have contributed considerably to today's knowledge and are still a favourite tool of research. In this paper we will describe to what extent human cell and tissue models represent the in vivo situation, for example, organ cultures of human skin, keratinocyte cultures, and human skin grafted on mice and, furthermore, how suitable they are to study the pathogenesis of pemphigus. Organ cultures closely mimic the architecture of the epidermis but are less suitable to answer posed biochemical questions. Cultured keratinocyte monolayers are convenient in this respect, but their desmosomal make-up in terms of adhesion molecules does not exactly reflect the in vivo situation. Reconstituted skin is a relatively new model that approaches organ culture. In models of human skin grafted on mice, acantholysis can be studied in actual human skin but now with all the advantages of an animal model.

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Pemphigus Acantholysis: A Unique Immunological Injury

Cited by 30 publications

References 16 publications

In vitro Acantholysis by Captopril and Thiopronine

In vitro Acantholysis by Captopril and Thiopronine

Utility of desmoglein ELISA in the clinical correlation and disease monitoring of pemphigus vulgaris

Experimental Human Cell and Tissue Models of Pemphigus

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