Pembrolizumab in patients with thymic carcinoma: a single-arm, single-centre, phase 2 study

Giaccone, Giuseppe; Kim, Chul; Thompson, Jillian; McGuire, Colleen; Kallakury, Bhaskar; Chahine, Joeffrey J.; Manning, Maria A.; Mogg, Robin; Blumenschein, Wendy M.; Tan, Ming; Subramaniam, Deepa; Liu, Stephen V.; Kaplan, Ian M.; McCutcheon, Justine N.

doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30062-7

Cited by 311 publications

(414 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…High PD‐L1 expression in tumor cells is currently the most relevant predictor of the therapeutic effect of anti‐PD‐1 and anti‐PD‐L1. Several studies have shown that patients with high PD‐L1 expression have significantly better therapeutic reactivity than those with no or low expression …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have shown that patients with high PD-L1 expression have significantly better therapeutic reactivity than those with no or low expression. 18,19 It has been reported that VEGF-A, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 are overexpressed in thymoma and TC patients. 20 VEGFR-2 is mainly expressed in endothelial cells and plays an important role in the regulation of cell mitosis, angiogenesis, and VEGF diffusion; thus VEGFR-2 is considered most closely related to tumor angiogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation in advanced thymic squamous cell carcinoma: Response to apatinib and clinical outcomes

Su¹,

Meng²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

Thoracic Cancer

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Thymic carcinoma (TC) is a rare malignant tumor of the mediastinum with occult onset, rapid development, and poor prognosis. Surgery is the main treatment for early TC, but the majority of patients are diagnosed at Masaoka‐Koga stage III or IV with local invasion or distant metastasis. Platinum and anthracyclines are currently considered key components of first‐line chemotherapy for advanced TC; however, there are no standard treatment plans for patients who are refractory to first‐line and further chemotherapy. The clinical effect is also unsatisfactory. Apatinib has been successfully applied as third‐line treatment for advanced gastric cancer and has shown high efficacy in the treatment of various cancers, such as lung, liver, and colorectal cancers. Herein we report a case of advanced thymic squamous cell carcinoma harboring EGFR exon 20 insertion in which apatinib was administered after multi‐line chemotherapy and radiotherapy and a partial response was achieved after five months of treatment. To date, a five month overall response and 10 months of progression‐free survival have been achieved. Adverse reactions can be controlled and the patient's quality of life has improved. Apatinib provides a new option for clinicians to treat patients with advanced TC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation in advanced thymic squamous cell carcinoma: Response to apatinib and clinical outcomes

Su¹,

Meng²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

Thoracic Cancer

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“…Ptosis and paralyzed extraocular rectus muscles caused by autoimmune myositis may occur. Cataract, color distortion, visual disturbance, watering eyes, hemianopsia, and temporal arteritis have also been reported.…”

Section: Other Rare Ocular Toxicitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the reported medications, anti‐CTLA4 (ipilimumab) had an ocular toxicity rate of 1.3%, including anterior uveitis, optical neuropathy, Grave's syndrome‐like oculopathy and Vogt‐Koyanagi‐Harada (VKH) like syndrome . Vemurafenib had an ocular side‐effect rate of 4%, which mostly comprised uveitis, while anti‐PD‐1 was reported to have side‐effects of blurred vision and tearing …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Vemurafenib had an ocular side-effect rate of 4%, which mostly comprised uveitis, 8 while anti-PD-1 was reported to have side-effects of blurred vision and tearing. 1,9 In this article, we report and review the ocular toxicities caused by targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors and discuss the underling pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment policies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical diagnosis and treatment recommendations for ocular toxicities of targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy

et al. 2020

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The increased use of targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancers has brought new hope of survival to patients with advanced tumors. However, increasing numbers of immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) of these medications have been reported, affecting almost all human organs including the eye. These adverse effects may affect the entire ocular region, including the eyelid, eye lashes, conjunctiva, cornea, uvea, retina and optic nerve, and have thus far been largely ignored by patients and doctors. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of ocular diseases related to irAEs and advise on how to diagnose and manage these diseases. Key points This review will enable clinical oncologists to recognize, diagnose, and manage targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor‐related ocular adverse events.

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Treatment-Related Adverse Events of PD-1 and PD-L1 Inhibitors in Clinical Trials

et al. 2019

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IMPORTANCE Programmed cell death (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have been increasingly used in cancer therapy. Understanding the treatment-related adverse events of these drugs is critical for clinical practice. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidences of treatment-related adverse events of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors and the differences between different drugs and cancer types.

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Pembrolizumab in patients with thymic carcinoma: a single-arm, single-centre, phase 2 study

Cited by 311 publications

References 29 publications

EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation in advanced thymic squamous cell carcinoma: Response to apatinib and clinical outcomes

EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation in advanced thymic squamous cell carcinoma: Response to apatinib and clinical outcomes

Clinical diagnosis and treatment recommendations for ocular toxicities of targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy

Treatment-Related Adverse Events of PD-1 and PD-L1 Inhibitors in Clinical Trials

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