PEM fuel cell system control: A review

Daud, Wan Ramli Wan; Rosli, Ros Emilia; Majlan, Edy Herianto; Hamid, Siti Afiqah Abd; Mohamed, Ramizi; Husaini, Teuku

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2017.06.027

Cited by 504 publications

(232 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…In general, achievement to a high performance for PEM fuel cells needs a high proton conductivity . Application of the Nafion membrane as the most commonly used PEMs is being limited because of its high cost, low performance in temperatures above the boiling temperature of water, and so low mechanical stability at high temperatures . Hence, ideal alternative membranes with outstanding chemical/mechanical stability, permanent proton conductivity, and acceptable lifetime at high temperature (>150°C) are needed .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 Application of the Nafion membrane as the most commonly used PEMs is being limited because of its high cost, low performance in temperatures above the boiling temperature of water, and so low mechanical stability at high temperatures. 5 Hence, ideal alternative membranes with outstanding chemical/mechanical stability, permanent proton conductivity, and acceptable lifetime at high temperature (>150°C) are needed. 6,7 Phosphoric acid (PA)-doped polybenzimidazole (PA-PBI)-based hightemperature PEMs as the well-known alternative of Nafion have considerable benefits including high CO tolerance, faster electrode kinetics, and elimination of cathode flooding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel nanocomposite membranes based on PBI and doped‐perovskite nanoparticles as a strategy for improving PEMFC performance at high temperatures

2020

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Summary In this work, Sr2+ dopant effects of Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 and La0.9Sr0.1CrO3‐δ doped‐perovskite nanoparticles on increasing proton conductivity, fuel cell performance, and mechanical and thermal stability of polybenzimidazole‐based nanocomposite membranes were studied. The Sr2+ dopant creates cation vacancies in Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 doped‐perovskite nanoparticles and oxygen vacancies in La0.9Sr0.1CrO3‐δ doped‐perovskite nanoparticles. The oxygen vacancies, which decrease columbic repulsion between protons and positive ions, have a more important role than the cation vacancies. They provide high surface area and high interfacial interaction between La0.9Sr0.1CrO3‐δ doped‐perovskite nanoparticles, phosphoric acid, and polybenzimidazole for proton transfer and increase the proton conductivity of the nanocomposite membranes. In addition, the results of relative humidity effects showed that the ordered arrangement of oxygen vacancies of the La0.9Sr0.1CrO3‐δ doped‐perovskite nanoparticles creates a specific pathway in the nanocomposite membranes for increasing proton transfer in the presence of relative humidity. Furtheremore, at phosphoric acid doping level of 13 mol phosphoric acid per monomer unit, proton conductivity of the nanocomposite membranes containing 8 wt.% La0.9Sr0.1CrO3‐δ doped‐perovskite nanoparticles was obtained as 126 mS cm‐1 at 180°C and 6% relative humidity. The nanocomposite membrane showed the best performance and the power density of 0.62 W cm‐2 at 180°C and 0.5 V.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel nanocomposite membranes based on PBI and doped‐perovskite nanoparticles as a strategy for improving PEMFC performance at high temperatures

2020

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“…Similarly, fast extraction methods focusing on extracting high‐volume hydrogen from seawater using Mg–Ni alloys have been developed . In addition to this, control techniques are also instrumental in exploiting the maximum deliverable efficiency . However, to perform control studies on fuel cell‐based systems, extensive simulation investigations need to be carried out before the designed controller is actually implemented .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 In addition to this, control techniques are also instrumental in exploiting the maximum deliverable efficiency. 9 However, to perform control studies on fuel cell-based systems, extensive simulation investigations need to be carried out before the designed controller is actually implemented. 10 It may be noted that it is expensive to run test cases on hardware system since it provides little or no flexibility in terms of parametric variations that are required for optimal controller tuning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameter extraction of fuel cells using hybrid interior search algorithm

2019

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Summary Precise modelling of fuel cells is very important for understanding their functioning. In this work, an application of hybrid interior search algorithm (HISA) is proposed to extract the parameters of fuel cells for their electromechanical equations based on nonlinear current‐voltage characteristics. Proposed hybridised algorithm has been developed using evolutionary mutation and crossover operators so as to enhance the modelling capability of interior search algorithm (ISA). To assess the modelling performance of HISA, parameter extraction of two types of fuel cell models, namely, proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) have been considered. Modelling performance of HISA, assessed using mean squared error between computed and experimental data, is found to be superior to ISA and several other recently reported prominent optimisation methods. Based on the presented intensive simulation investigations, it is concluded that HISA improves the performance of the basic ISA in terms of fitter solutions, robustness, and convergence rate and therefore offers a promising optimisation technique for parameter extraction of fuel cells.

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“…Fuel cell design and assembly, material degradation, operating conditions, and impurities or contaminants can affect the durability and reliability of PEMFCs . Cell reversal and hydrogen starvation can also cause a deterioration in durability . System material modification and system management strategies are the two main research points to mitigate or eliminate performance degradation issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study and mitigation of abnormal behavior of cell voltage in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack

Luo

Jian

2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary The aim of this study is to investigate the abnormal behavior of cell voltage in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack and a mitigation strategy. The proposed strategy is simple and requires only a three‐way solenoid valve to replace the direct way solenoid valve of the original system. It is applied to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack with a dead‐ended anode to verify its validity. The behavior of the cell voltages in the stack is discussed in detail, especially the cell reversal process. The results show that the proposed strategy can significantly reduce the severity of hydrogen starvation. And the maximum power of the stack is increased by 10.67%. It is a sudden increase related to cell reversal mitigation. Uneven hydrogen distribution is the cause of low cell voltage and cell reversal. This strategy increases the cell voltage by increasing the hydrogen content in the anode flow channel downstream. It also significantly reduces the fluctuations in cell voltage and improves the uniformity of the cell voltage. This experimental study contributes to mitigate hydrogen starvation in cells of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks in application.

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PEM fuel cell system control: A review

Cited by 504 publications

References 78 publications

Novel nanocomposite membranes based on PBI and doped‐perovskite nanoparticles as a strategy for improving PEMFC performance at high temperatures

Novel nanocomposite membranes based on PBI and doped‐perovskite nanoparticles as a strategy for improving PEMFC performance at high temperatures

Parameter extraction of fuel cells using hybrid interior search algorithm

Experimental study and mitigation of abnormal behavior of cell voltage in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack

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