PEM Fuel Cell Applications in Road Transport

Abstract

Fuel cell electric vehicles represent a possible solution to meet the objectives of the energy transition currently underway, which sees the replacement of combustion vehicles with low environmental impact vehicles. For this reason, this market is expected to markedly grow in the coming years. Currently, the most suitable fuel cell technology for both light and heavy transport applications is the Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell. This review provides a comprehensive description of the state of the art of fuel cell electric vehicles at different levels: vehicle configuration, fuel cell stack, and all the necessary operation systems. The current advantages and limits of the mentioned technology are highlighted, referring to recent studies aimed at optimizing the efficiency of the system and providing future perspectives.

Sustainable Vehicles for Decarbonizing the Transport Sector: A Comparison of Biofuel, Electric, Fuel Cell and Solar-Powered Vehicles

“…Waseem et al in their article reviewed the current state of the art of fuel cell electric vehicles, challenges and recommended policy requirements for future growth of the vehicles [11]. A few more articles reviewed the current progress on fuel cell vehicles [12], comparisons of optimal sizing and power management for hybrid fuel cell vehicles (fuel cell/battery/supercapacitors) [13], and proton exchange membrane-based fuel cell application for road transport [14]. The reviews on recent trends in incorporating photovoltaics into boats [15], passenger vehicles [16] and effective factors on the performance of vehicle integrated photovoltaics to run on solar energy are published in the literature [17].…”

Advances in Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Membranes for Fuel Cells: A Comprehensive Review on Types, Synthesis, Modifications, and Performance Optimization

“…Moreover, the PEMs guarantee no emissions of greenhouse gases, and its byproducts are water or H2O, which are environmentally safe. This makes it an adaptable option for both heavy-and light-duty operations [70][71][72]. In the composition of a PEMs, essential components include end plates, current collectors, bipolar plates (BP), gaskets, gas diffusion layers (GDL), catalyst, and membrane.…”

Optimal EMS Design for a 4-MW-Class Hydrogen Tugboat: A Comparative Analysis Using DP-Based Performance Evaluation

“…Our fuel cell model is based on the Low-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane (LT-PEMFC), the current leader in mobility applications. Unlike other fuel cell types, the temperature can be readily controlled during power generation, the weight and volume of the Balance of Plant (BoP) for running fuel cells are relatively small, and it is relatively economical [16]. In this study, we performed the modeling based on FT-FCPI-500 and FCS 13-XXL, which are maritime fuel cell power installations of Nedstack, a Dutch company [17][18][19][20].…”