Pelargonic Acid for Weed Control in Organic Vidalia® Sweet Onion Production

Johnson, William A.; Davis, Jerry W.

doi:10.21273/horttech.24.6.696

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Onion yields reflected the degree of poor weed control. This overall finding is consistent with earlier weed control research using clove oil and pelargonic acid (Johnson and Davis 2014a, 2014b; Johnson et al 2012). Given the results of this research, along with the earlier studies, it is questionable whether herbicides derived from natural products, with their POST mode of action as cell membrane disrupters (Dayan and Duke 2010; Tworkoski 2002), will ever adequately control cool-season weeds.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Herbicide treatments were applied with a CO 2 -pressurized tractor-mounted plot sprayer using high-volume spray tips with an orifice size suitable to produce an output of 468 L ha −1 at 414 kPa (Turbo TeeJet® 11006 tips, Spraying Systems, Wheaton, IL 60187). This was the same sprayer configuration identified in previous studies as being optimal for applying clove oil and pelargonic acid (Johnson and Davis 2014a, 2014b). Herbicide treatments were applied in late December each year to weeds ranging in size from cotyledon to 1-true leaf stage of growth.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Clove oil performance was slightly improved by high-volume sprayer output, but none of the adjuvants evaluated improved clove oil performance in controlling cool-season weeds (Johnson and Davis 2014a). Pelargonic acid was later evaluated for cool-season weed control (Johnson and Davis 2014b) but was also found to be ineffective in controlling cool-season weeds and preventing onion yield loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cool-Season Weed Control Using Ammonium Nonanoate and Cultivation in Organic Vidalia® Sweet Onion Production

Johnson

Luo

2017

Weed Technol

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Ammonium nonanoate is registered for weed control in certified organic cropping systems and may be useful to control cool-season weeds in organic Vidalia® sweet onion production. Ammonium nonanoate combined with tine-weeder cultivation was evaluated for weed control in organic onion in Georgia. There were no statistical interactions between main effects of herbicides and cultivation with a tine weeder for cool-season weed control and onion yield, indicating that ammonium nonanoate does not improve weed control compared with cultivation. Ammonium nonanoate at 4% and 6% did not adequately control weeds and onion yields were reduced. Ammonium nonanoate at 8% and 10% controlled cutleaf evening-primrose and lesser swinecress equal to the standard of d-limonene (14%), but the degree of control did not consistently protect onion yields from losses due to weeds. These results are in agreement with previous studies using clove oil and pelargonic acid. There is no advantage to using ammonium nonanoate for cool-season weed control in organic Vidalia® sweet onion production.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cool-Season Weed Control Using Ammonium Nonanoate and Cultivation in Organic Vidalia® Sweet Onion Production

Johnson

Luo

2017

Weed Technol

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“…However, some weeds escaped control, and those weeds were large at harvest. This has been a consistent observation in previous studies that included cultivation as a main effect in the treatment structure (Johnson and Davis 2014a, 2014b; Johnson et al 2012). Obviously, greater baseline weed density results in more weeds surviving cultivation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Interactions among Cultivation, Weeds, and a Biofungicide in Organic Vidalia^® Sweet Onion

Johnson

Dutta²,

Sanders³

et al. 2017

Weed Technol

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Weed management in the organic Vidalia® sweet onion production system is largely dependent on multiple cultivations with a tine weeder. Earlier research suggested cultivation with a tine weeder did not predispose onion bulbs to infection during storage. Trials were conducted from 2012 through 2014 near Lyons, GA, to determine the interactive effects of cultivation, weed removal, and a biofungicide on weed densities, onion yield, grade, and diseases of stored onion. Cultivation twice or four times at biweekly intervals with a tine weeder reduced densities of cutleaf evening-primrose, lesser swinecress, and henbit compared with the noncultivated control, although weeds surviving cultivation were very large and mature at harvest. Cultivation generally improved onion yields over the noncultivated control, except in 2014, when baseline weed densities were high and weeds surviving cultivation were numerous. Weeds removed by hand weeding improved onion yields, but that effect was independent of cultivation. Four applications of a biofungicide derived from giant knotweed had no effect on onion yield. Cultivation had no effect on incidence of the fungal disease botrytis neck rot, with inconsistent effects on the bacterial diseases center rot and sour skin. Weed removal with hand weeding did not affect diseases of stored onion. The biofungicide had no effect on diseases of stored onion. These results demonstrate the limitations of cultivation when cool-season weed infestations are dense. With no interactions among main effects, weed control and onion yield response to cultivation and hand weeding are independent. Cultivation for weed control is much less costly than hand weeding. With no interaction between the cultivation and weed removal main effects, it is not necessary to supplement tine weeder cultivation with costly hand weeding.

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“…The organic herbicides AN and CC did not provide consistent weed control in this study (Figures 7, 8, Table 6), and were the most expensive treatments (Table 7). The erratic performance of AN and CC observed in this study is consistent with previous studies reporting poor performance in cool-season vegetables (Johnson and Davis, 2014;Johnson and Luo, 2018) and cover crops (Lewis et al, 2020). It is unlikely that the assessment interval (28 days) contributed to the poor performance of these herbicides.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Weed control with saturated steam in organic highbush blueberry

Moretti,

Pedroso

2023

Front. Agron.

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Weed management is often a predominant and costly problem in the production of organic blueberries. Geotextile weed fabrics of woven polyethylene are widely used in organic blueberry fields to suppress weeds growing within the rows. Weeds, such as Convolvulus arvensis L., grow at the base of the blueberry plants or through openings and around the edges of the weed fabric, thus requiring hand weeding. This study evaluates the integration of saturated steam (SS), a rotary brush (RB), and organic herbicides for weed control in blueberries. Dose–response studies indicated that SS applied at 121°C and at 7.4 m3 ha−1 of steam (3,655 MJ ha−1) resulted in over 90% control and a reduction in the dry weights of C. arvensis. When treatments were directed to the base of the blueberry plants, SS at 7.4 m3 ha−1 provided 80% control of C. arvensis 28 days after treatment (DAT) and was comparable to hand weeding. Both of these treatments outperformed capric plus caprylic acid (CC) (33.2 kg ai ha−1) or ammonium nonanoate (AN) (24.3 kg ai ha−1) applications, despite C. arversis regrowth being observed. Four repetitive basal applications of SS of up to 29.6 m3 ha−1 over two consecutive years caused minimal and transient damage to new basal shoots of ‘Elliot’ and ‘Duke’ blueberries; basal shoot cross-sectional area compared with the non-treated was unaffected. In contrast, basal application of AN treatments damaged or killed basal shoots. When treatments were applied to the edge of the weed fabric, SS (7.4 m3 ha−1) reduced weed biomass by 42% to 93% at 28 DAT compared with the non-treated. The RB treatment reduced weed biomass from 72% to 99% in all experiments, while CC and AN reduced biomass by 18% to 54%. A partial budget analysis indicated that SS and the RB were 3- and 6.5-fold less expensive than organic herbicides, respectively. Integrating physical (SS) and mechanical (RB) treatments improved weed control. The latter, however, damaged the weed-suppressing fabric where preexisting holes were present, generated dust, and increased the chance of fruit contamination. The SS was safe for the weed-suppressing fabric and the blueberry, but weed regrowth following treatment and copious water requirements hindered its feasibility.

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Pelargonic Acid for Weed Control in Organic Vidalia® Sweet Onion Production

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Cool-Season Weed Control Using Ammonium Nonanoate and Cultivation in Organic Vidalia® Sweet Onion Production

Cool-Season Weed Control Using Ammonium Nonanoate and Cultivation in Organic Vidalia® Sweet Onion Production

Interactions among Cultivation, Weeds, and a Biofungicide in Organic Vidalia^® Sweet Onion

Weed control with saturated steam in organic highbush blueberry

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Pelargonic Acid for Weed Control in Organic Vidalia® Sweet Onion Production

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Cool-Season Weed Control Using Ammonium Nonanoate and Cultivation in Organic Vidalia® Sweet Onion Production

Cool-Season Weed Control Using Ammonium Nonanoate and Cultivation in Organic Vidalia® Sweet Onion Production

Interactions among Cultivation, Weeds, and a Biofungicide in Organic Vidalia® Sweet Onion

Weed control with saturated steam in organic highbush blueberry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Interactions among Cultivation, Weeds, and a Biofungicide in Organic Vidalia^® Sweet Onion