Pelagic Ecosystem Characteristics Across the Atlantic Water Boundary Current From Rijpfjorden, Svalbard, to the Arctic Ocean During Summer (2010–2014)

Hop, Haakon; Assmy, Philipp; Wold, Anette; Sundfjord, Arild; Daase, Malin; Duarte, Pedro; Kwaśniewski, Sławomir; Głuchowska, Marta; Wiktor, Józef; Tatarek, Agnieszka; Kristiansen, Svein; Fransson, Agneta; Chierici, Melissa; Vihtakari, Mikko

doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00181

Cited by 49 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Sea-ice properties, and particularly the timing of its breakup and the duration of the ice-free season, are a key constraint on the seasonal trend in primary production in the Arctic (Rysgaard et al, 1999;Rysgaard and Glud, 2007). Similarly, whilst discharge affects multiple aspects of the three-dimensional water column including fjord-scale circulation and mixing (Kjeldsen et al, 2014;Carroll et al, 2017), stratification (Meire et al, 2016b;Oliver et al, 2018) and boundary current properties (Sutherland et al, 2009); other changes in the Earth system from wind patterns (Spall et al, 2017;Sundfjord et al, 2017;Le Bras et al, 2018), sea-ice dynamics and regional temperature changes (Cook et al, 2016) are driving changes in these parameters on similar spatial and temporal scales (Stocker et al, 2013;Hop et al, 2019).…”

Section: Understanding the Role Of Glaciers Alongside Other Manifestamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review Article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic?

Hopwood¹,

Carroll²,

Dunse³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Freshwater discharge from glaciers is increasing across the Artic in response to anthropogenic climate change, which raises questions about the potential downstream effects in the marine environment. Whilst a combination of long-term monitoring programmes and intensive Arctic field campaigns have improved our knowledge of glacier-ocean interactions in recent years, especially with respect to fjord/ocean circulation in the marine environment, there are extensive knowledge gaps concerning how glaciers affect marine biogeochemistry and productivity. Following two cross-cutting disciplinary International Arctic Science Committee (IASC) workshops addressing ‘The importance of glaciers for the marine ecosystem’, here we review the state of the art concerning how freshwater discharge affects the marine environment with a specific focus on marine biogeochemistry and biological productivity. Using a series of Arctic case studies (Nuup Kangerlua/Godthåbsfjord, Kongsfjorden, Bowdoin Fjord, Young Sound, and Sermilik Fjord), the interconnected effects of freshwater discharge on fjord-shelf exchange, nutrient availability, the carbonate system, and the microbial foodweb are investigated. Key findings are that whether the effect of glacier discharge on marine primary production is positive, or negative is highly dependent on a combination of factors. These include glacier type (marine- or land-terminating) and the limiting resource for phytoplankton growth in a specific spatiotemporal region (light, macronutrients or micronutrients). Glacier fjords therefore often exhibit distinct discharge-productivity relationships and multiple case-studies must be considered in order to understand the net effects of glacier discharge on Arctic marine ecosystems.

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Section: Understanding the Role Of Glaciers Alongside Other Manifestamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review Article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic?

Hopwood¹,

Carroll²,

Dunse³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…An eastward shift of the warmer Atlantic water has reduced the amount of drifting sea ice in December–March in the north-eastern part of Svalbard (Onarheim and others, 2014), including Rijpfjorden, where there is an increased winter sea ice loss (Isaksen and others, 2016; Hop and others, 2019a). A reduction in sea ice thickness within the eastern Eurasian Basin has also been observed by Polyakov and others (2017) and has been attributed to increased water temperatures due to the eastward shift of the warmer Atlantic water.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some in-situ observations exist for Rijpfjorden, e.g. water and air temperature and photographs from 2006 and onward (Cottier and others, 2019), additionally there are also data collected during shorter time periods in 2006–2007 (Howe and others, 2010; Søreide and others, 2010), 2006–2008 (Wallace and others, 2010), 2010–2014 (Hop and others, 2019a) and 2011 (Wang and others, 2013). Rijpfjorden is located at Nordaustlandet, on the Northern part of Svalbard (Fig.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rijpfjorden is located at Nordaustlandet, on the Northern part of Svalbard (Fig. 1c), and is usually covered by sea ice up to 9 months of the year (Ambrose and others, 2006; Leu and others, 2011), though less sea ice and higher air and water temperatures have been recorded in recent years (Hop and others, 2019a). The fjord is north-facing and drift ice enters the fjord under the influence of northerly winds (Ambrose and others, 2006; Leu and others, 2011).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total open water area is 724 km 2 . The warm Atlantic water in the WSC does not influence Rijpfjorden as much as it does Kongsfjorden (Cottier and others, 2007; Howe and others, 2010), though this may change in the future (Onarheim and others, 2014; Hop and others, 2019a).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consistent ice and open water classification combining historical synthetic aperture radar satellite images from ERS-1/2, Envisat ASAR, RADARSAT-2 and Sentinel-1A/B

et al. 2020

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Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite images are used to monitor Arctic sea ice, with systematic data records dating back to 1991. We propose a semi-supervised classification method that separates open water from sea ice and can utilise ERS-1/2, Envisat ASAR, RADARSAT-2 and Sentinel-1 SAR images. The classification combines automatic segmentation with a manual segment selection stage. The segmentation algorithm requires only the backscatter intensities and incidence angle values as input, therefore can be used to establish a consistent decadal sea ice record. In this study we investigate the sea ice conditions in two Svalbard fjords, Kongsfjorden and Rijpfjorden. Both fjords have a seasonal ice cover, though Rijpfjorden has a longer sea ice season. The satellite image dataset has weekly to daily records from 2002 until now, and less frequent records between 1991 and 2002. Time overlap between different sensors is investigated to ensure consistency in the reported sea ice cover. The classification results have been compared to high-resolution SAR data as well as in-situ measurements and sea ice maps from Ny-Ålesund. For both fjords the length of the sea ice season has shortened since 2002 and for Kongsfjorden the maximum sea ice coverage is significantly lower after 2006.

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Ecology of Arctic Pelagic Communities

Daase

Berge

Søreide³

et al. 2020

Arctic Ecology

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Pelagic Ecosystem Characteristics Across the Atlantic Water Boundary Current From Rijpfjorden, Svalbard, to the Arctic Ocean During Summer (2010–2014)

Cited by 49 publications

References 83 publications

Review Article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic?

Review Article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic?

Consistent ice and open water classification combining historical synthetic aperture radar satellite images from ERS-1/2, Envisat ASAR, RADARSAT-2 and Sentinel-1A/B

Ecology of Arctic Pelagic Communities

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