Pekin and Muscovy ducks respond differently to vaccination with a H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) commercial inactivated vaccine

Cagle, Caran; To, Thanh Long; Nguyen, Tung; Wasilenko, Jamie; Adams, Sean; Cardona, Carol J.; Spackman, Erica; Suarez, David L.; Pantin‐Jackwood, Mary J.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.004

Cited by 68 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In contrast, in the H7N1-infected ducks the levels of PRRs, cytokines and viral mRNA load decreased in time. which was in agreement with the decrease after HPAI H5N1 infection in ducks (Cagle et al, 2011;Pantin-Jackwood et al, 2012) and the decrease of RIG-I mRNA (Barber et al, 2010). Typical was the increased TLR7 mRNA expression at 2 d.p.i.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…we did not find an increase of IFN-a or of PRR mRNA in the lung and spleen of infected ducks. An increase of IL-6 gene expression in the duck spleen was previously reported in ducks infected with H5N1 (Cagle et al, 2011;Pantin-Jackwood et al, 2012). In both species a strong and quick increase of CD8a ' cells in the lung occurred at 8 h.p.i.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…However, certain HPAI H5N1 may run a fatal course in ducks (Kishida et al, 2005;Tang et al, 2009), which is dependent on the age and the genetic background of the ducks (Pantin-Jackwood et al, 2007aLö ndt et al, 2010;Cagle et al, 2011;Wasilenko et al, 2011). It was suggested that high pathogenicity of H5N1 in ducks was due to viral replication in heart and brain, instead of ''conventional'' gastrointestinal tract replication (Kim et al, 2008;Lö ndt et al, 2008Lö ndt et al, , 2010Bingham et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in highly pathogenic avian influenza viral pathogenesis and associated early inflammatory response in chickens and ducks

et al. 2013

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in highly pathogenic avian influenza viral pathogenesis and associated early inflammatory response in chickens and ducks

et al. 2013

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“…Of the four species, Muscovy ducks shed the most virus. This is not surprising, since Muscovy ducks have been shown to be more susceptible to infection with highly pathogenic H5N1 AIV strains, show more severe disease, and shed larger amounts of virus than other domestic duck species (39)(40)(41). Muscovy ducks, it must be remembered, are a different species (Cairina moschata) than Pekin and Mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) and should not be expected to have a similar response to infection (42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Poultry in the Spread of Novel H7N9 Influenza Virus in China

Pantin‐Jackwood

Miller

Spackman

et al. 2014

J Virol

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135

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The recent outbreak of H7N9 influenza in China has resulted in many human cases with a high fatality rate. Poultry are the likely source of infection for humans on the basis of sequence analysis and virus isolations from live bird markets, but it is not clear which species of birds are most likely to be infected and shedding levels of virus sufficient to infect humans. Intranasal inoculation of chickens, Japanese quail, pigeons, Pekin ducks, Mallard ducks, Muscovy ducks, and Embden geese with 10 6 50% egg infective doses of the A/Anhui/1/2013 virus resulted in infection but no clinical disease signs. Virus shedding was much higher and prolonged in quail and chickens than in the other species. Quail effectively transmitted the virus to direct contacts, but pigeons and Pekin ducks did not. In all species, virus was detected at much higher titers from oropharyngeal swabs than cloacal swabs. The hemagglutinin gene from samples collected from selected experimentally infected birds was sequenced, and three amino acid differences were commonly observed when the sequence was compared to the sequence of A/Anhui/1/2013: N123D, N149D, and L217Q. Leucine at position 217 is highly conserved for human isolates and is associated with ␣2,6-sialic acid binding. Different amino acid combinations were observed, suggesting that the inoculum had viral subpopulations that were selected after passage in birds. These experimental studies corroborate the finding that certain poultry species are reservoirs of the H7N9 influenza virus and that the virus is highly tropic for the upper respiratory tract, so testing of bird species should preferentially be conducted with oropharyngeal swabs for the best sensitivity. IMPORTANCEThe recent outbreak of H7N9 influenza in China has resulted in a number of human infections with a high case fatality rate. The source of the viral outbreak is suspected to be poultry, but definitive data on the source of the infection are not available. This study provides experimental data to show that quail and chickens are susceptible to infection, shed large amounts of virus, and are likely important in the spread of the virus to humans. Other poultry species can be infected and shed virus but are less likely to play a role of transmitting the virus to humans. Pigeons were previously suggested to be a possible source of the virus because of isolation of the virus from several pigeons in poultry markets in China, but experimental studies show that they are generally resistant to infection and are unlikely to play a role in the spread of the virus. O n 1 April 2013, the People's Republic of China reported the first 3 human cases of a novel H7N9 subtype of influenza A virus. Over the subsequent days, the number of confirmed cases ballooned to over 82, with over 17 fatalities occurring in 6 different provinces (1). Sequence analysis of the virus showed the H7 and N9 genes to be those of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) of Eurasian lineage, but at only 95% similarity to other isolates in the public sequence databa...

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“…A recent study showed that the influenza virus sensor RIG-I in ducks plays an important role in clearing invading viruses (32). Results from two independent studies have demonstrated that viral replication is associated with the increased inflammatory response in ducks infected with H5N1 HPAIVs (22,33). Recently, PantinJackwood et al have shown that ducks of various ages mount distinct host immune responses to H5N1 virus infection, which may be related to the different virulence (34).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The PA and HA Gene-Mediated High Viral Load and Intense Innate Immune Response in the Brain Contribute to the High Pathogenicity of H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus in Mallard Ducks

et al. 2013

J Virol

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Most highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses cause only mild clinical signs in ducks, serving as an important natural reservoir of influenza A viruses. However, we isolated two H5N1 viruses that are genetically similar but differ greatly in virulence in ducks. A/Chicken/Jiangsu/k0402/2010 (CK10) is highly pathogenic, whereas A/Goose/Jiangsu/k0403/2010 (GS10) is low pathogenic. To determine the genetic basis for the high virulence of CK10 in ducks, we generated a series of single-gene reassortants between CK10 and GS10 and tested their virulence in ducks. Expression of the CK10 PA or hemagglutinin (HA) gene in the GS10 context resulted in increased virulence and virus replication. Conversely, inclusion of the GS10 PA or HA gene in the CK10 background attenuated the virulence and virus replication. Moreover, the PA gene had a greater contribution. We further determined that residues 101G and 237E in the PA gene contribute to the high virulence of CK10. Mutations at these two positions produced changes in virulence, virus replication, and polymerase activity of CK10 or GS10. Position 237 plays a greater role in determining these phenotypes. Moreover, the K237E mutation in the GS10 PA gene increased PA nuclear accumulation. Mutant GS10 viruses carrying the CK10 HA gene or the PA101G or PA237E mutation induced an enhanced innate immune response. A sustained innate response was detected in the brain rather than in the lung and spleen. Our results suggest that the PA and HA gene-mediated high virus replication and the intense innate immune response in the brain contribute to the high virulence of H5N1 virus in ducks.

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Pekin and Muscovy ducks respond differently to vaccination with a H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) commercial inactivated vaccine

Cited by 68 publications

References 54 publications

Differences in highly pathogenic avian influenza viral pathogenesis and associated early inflammatory response in chickens and ducks

Differences in highly pathogenic avian influenza viral pathogenesis and associated early inflammatory response in chickens and ducks

Role of Poultry in the Spread of Novel H7N9 Influenza Virus in China

The PA and HA Gene-Mediated High Viral Load and Intense Innate Immune Response in the Brain Contribute to the High Pathogenicity of H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus in Mallard Ducks

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