PEGylation of Co–Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles for Theranostics

Abstract

Multi-element ferrite nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized as heat agents for use in magnetic hyperthermia treatments, specifically, Co0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 NPs coating with polyethylene glycol. The crystal structures of these particles were examined by X-ray diffraction. Particle diameters were controlled to be approximately 10 nm by controlling the annealing temperature and time. The modification of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the particles was confirmed by mass spectrometry and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry. The heat dissipation characteristics of the particles were investigated by measuring AC magnetic susceptibility and temperature increase in AC magnetic fields. A peak in the imaginary part of AC magnetic susceptibility χ″ appeared, depending on the frequency. The value of χ″ was found to contribute to the effective heat dissipation according to the Neel relaxation system. The temperature increase of the particles was measured in AC magnetic fields of 64–146 Oe, with an observed temperature increase of ~10 K. Finally, to test the applications of these particles in theranostics, in vitro experiments using human breast cancer cells were conducted.

Assessment of SnFe2O4 Nanoparticles for Potential Application in Theranostics: Synthesis, Characterization, In Vitro, and In Vivo Toxicity

“…In this regard, temperature responsive core/shell Fe 3 O 4 NPs were developed and functionalized with biocompatible copolymers [27]. Moreover, Multi-element ferrite NPs acting as heat agents were also synthesized to be used in magnetic hyperthermia treatments for breast cancer therapy [28]. Multi-anchored glycoconjugate-functionalized magnetic NPs were also synthesized for selective killing of bacteria by using an alternate magnetic field [29].…”

Nanoarchitectonics of PEG-Coated Ni-Zn Ferrite Nanoparticles and Mechanical Analysis of Heat Generation by Magnetic Relaxation

“…1 illustrates the method whereby the NPs were synthesized. NiCl2•6H2O, ZnCl2, and FeCl2•4H2O were mixed in a Ni:Zn:Fe molar ratio of 0.8:0.2:2.0, with three different concentrations of PEG400 in water (15, 18, and 20 wt%) to control the particle size [27]. NaOH was added to neutralize all the metal chlorides.…”

“…where ΔT/Δt represents the initial slope of heat generation, ci represents the specific heat of each solvent, mi denotes the mass of each solvent, and mMNPs denotes the mass of the MNPs. preparation [27]. This phenomenon is attributed to the higher water concentration, lower viscosity of the solvent, and the substantial number of atoms that crystallized during annealing.…”