PEGylated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MCM-41): A Promising Carrier for the Targeted Delivery of Fenbendazole into Prostrate Cancer Cells

Abstract

Low water solubility and thus low bioavailability limit the clinical application of fenbendazole (FBZ) as a potential anticancer drug. Solubilizing agents, such as Mobil Composition of Matter Number 41 (MCM) as a drug carrier, can improve the water solubility of drugs. In this study, PEGylated MCM (PEG-MCM) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and loaded with FBZ (PEG-MCM-FBZ) to improve its solubility and, as a result, its cytotoxicity effect against human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. The loading efficiency of FBZ onto PEG-MCM NPs was 17.2%. The size and zeta potential of PEG-MCM-FBZ NPs were 366.3 ± 6.9 nm and 24.7 ± 0.4 mV, respectively. They had a spherical shape and released the drug in a controlled manner at pH 1.2 and pH 6.2. PEG-MCM-FBZ were found to inhibit the migration of PC-3 cells, increase the cytotoxicity effects of FBZ against PC-3 cells by 3.8-fold, and were more potent by 1.4-fold, when compared to the non-PEGylated NPs. In addition, PEG-MCM-FBZ promoted the production of reactive oxygen species by 1.3- and 1.2-fold, respectively, when compared to FBZ and MCM-FBZ. Overall, the results demonstrate that PEG-MCM-FBZ NPs enhanced FBZ delivery to PC-3 cells; therefore, they have the potential to treat prostate cancer after a comprehensive in vivo study.

β‐Lactoglobulin variants as potential carriers of pramoxine: Comprehensive structural and biophysical studies

“…Molecule of the tetracaine was found inside the β-barrel for variants L58F, M107L (occ = 1.0 and occ = 1.0; PDB ID: 7BF7 and 7BF9, respectively), and on the protein surface near Arg124 and Trp19 for variant I56F (occ = 1.0; PDB ID: 7BF8). Based on the examples provided above and our own research findings, it can be concluded that presented variants of BLG has the potential to function as a carrier of PRM in term of thermodynamic and structural aspect.Therefore, the manipulation and engineering of BLG are important subjects for the further development of delivery systems, especially for poorly water-soluble compounds 72. In this regard, our findings referring to BLG variants of enhanced affinity to PRM, a topical anesthetic agent of low solubility (ca.…”

Current applications of nanomaterials in urinary system tumors

“…The water solubility of FBZ can be increased when serialized on β-lactoglobulin-modified MSNs, which can increase the cytotoxicity of FBZ and inhibit the migration of PCa cells ( Koohi et al, 2022 ). ( Figures 1A,B ) It is also possible to serialize FBZ on pegylated MSN (MCM-41) to improve its cytotoxicity and increase its delivery to PCa cells ( Esfahani et al, 2021 ).…”

Structural features, dissolution performance and anthelmintic efficacy of multicomponent solid forms of fenbendazole with maleic and oxalic acids

“…Different strategies have been examined to modify the physicochemical profile of fenbendazole, including solid dispersions, 16,17 cyclodextrins, 18 polymeric micelles, 19 nanocrystals, 20,21 and inorganic nanocarriers. 22 However, due to the high cost of production and issues with commercial scaling, the majority of these approaches may impose a large financial burden on developing countries. Another approach to addressing this issue is the development of multicomponent crystals (cocrystals and salts), which have shown great promise in improving and optimizing essential pharmaceutical properties such as solubility, dissolution rate, stability, and bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients without changing their pharmacophore structure.…”