PEG3 control on the mammalian MSL complex

An, Yingli; Kim, Hana; Kim, Joomyeong

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0178363

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The results presented here demonstrated that PEG3 may directly control the expression of Oxtr , as a DNA-binding protein ( Fig 1 and Fig 2 ). This also agrees with the previous studies that PEG3 functions as a DNA-binding protein controlling the expression of several downstream genes, including Pgm2l1 , H19 , Msl1 and Msl3 [ 4 – 7 ]. PEG3 has been predicted to be a transcriptional repressor, since the known downstream genes tend to be up-regulated in the mutant samples lacking PEG3 [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…PEG3 also contains a KRAB-A domain, thus is predicted to be a transcriptional repressor through its interaction with KAP1 [ 8 ]. This predicted repression function has been further confirmed through the observation that the expression levels of its downstream genes are usually up-regulated in the tissues of the mouse mutant models targeting Peg3 [ 6 , 7 ]. According to the results from mouse knockout (KO) models, Peg3 is also involved in controlling fetal growth rates and maternal-caring behaviors [ 9 – 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Peg3 (Paternally Expressed Gene 3) is an imprinted gene localized in proximal mouse chromosome 7/human chromosome 19q13.4 [ 1 – 3 ]. This gene encodes a DNA-binding protein with 12 C2H2 zinc finger motifs known to bind to a large number of genomic targets [ 4 – 7 ]. The list of known downstream genes includes Pgm2l1 , H19 , Msl1 and Msl3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxytocin receptor is regulated by Peg3

et al. 2018

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Mouse Peg3 encodes a DNA-binding protein involved in the milk letdown process. In the current study, we tested whether PEG3 controls the expression of the oxytocin receptor gene. According to the results, PEG3 directly binds to a genomic region within the 3rd exon of Oxtr, which contains a DNA-binding motif for PEG3. In nursing female mice, removal of PEG3 resulted in the increased expression of Oxtr in mammary epithelial cells and also in the hypothalamus. This suggests a repressor role of PEG3 in the expression of Oxtr in these tissues. Overall, this study suggests that Peg3 may function as a direct transcriptional regulator for Oxtr expression that acts to moderate the milk letdown process.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxytocin receptor is regulated by Peg3

et al. 2018

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“…The Peg3 dosages also affected the expression levels of Acly in embryos (Figs 3 , 4A and 4B ). These results comply with the previous studies showing the DNA-binding capability of PEG3 and controlling the expression levels of several downstream genes, including Oxtr , H19 , Msl1 , and Msl3 [ 34 , 44 , 46 , 47 ]. In the mammary gland, Peg3 dosage appeared to be associated with the expression level of the key gene, Acly , connecting the glucose metabolism and lipid synthesis ( Fig 6 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

PEG3 controls lipogenesis through ACLY

Ghimire

Kim

2021

PLoS ONE

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Peg3 (Paternally expressed gene 3) is an imprinted gene encoding a DNA-binding protein that is a well-known transcriptional repressor. Previous studies have shown that the mutant phenotypes of Peg3 are associated with the over-expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism. In the current study, we investigated four potential downstream genes of Peg3, which were identified through ChIP-seq data: Acly, Fasn, Idh1, and Hmgcr. In vivo binding of PEG3 to the promoter region of these key genes involved in lipogenesis was subsequently confirmed through individual ChIP experiments. We observed the opposite response of Acly expression levels against the variable gene dosages of Peg3, involving 0x, 1x, and 2x Peg3. This suggests the transcriptional repressor role of Peg3 in the expression levels of Acly. Another set of analyses showed a sex-biased response in the expression levels of Acly, Fasn, and Idh1 against 0x Peg3 with higher levels in female and lower levels in male mammary glands. These results overall highlight that Peg3 may be involved in regulating the expression levels of several key genes in adipogenesis.

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“…To estimate the enrichment of H3K4me3, H3K36me3, RNA PolII S5P, and H4K16ac in our gene categories, we retrieved the available ChIP-seq datasets for MEF cells from GSE33823 [33] , GSE36905 [34] for H3K4me3, H3K36me3, RNAPolII S5P and GSE97459 [35] for H4K16ac. [41,42].…”

Section: Chip-seq Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

X upregulation is not global and extent of upregulation differs between ancestral and acquired X-linked genes

Naik

Hari

Chandel

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Recent studies have provided substantial evidence supporting Ohno's hypothesis that upregulation of active X chromosome genes balances the dosage of X-linked gene expression relative to autosomal genes. However, the dynamics of X-chromosome upregulation (XCU) during early development remain poorly understood. Here, we have profiled the dynamics of XCU in different lineages of female pre-gastrulation mouse embryos at single cell level through allele-specific single cell RNA-seq analysis. We found dynamic XCU upon initiation of random X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) in epiblast cells and cells of extraembryonic lineages, which undergo imprinted XCI, also harbored upregulated active-X chromosome. On the other hand, the extent of XCU remains controversial till date. While it is thought that it is a global phenomenon, some studies suggested that it affects dosage sensitive genes only. Interestingly, through profiling gene-wise dynamics of XCU, we found that X-upregulation is not global and primarily belongs to ancestral X-linked genes. However, it is not fully restricted to ancestral X-linked genes as some of newly acquired X-linked genes also undergo XCU, suggesting evolution of XCU to the newly acquired genes as well. Importantly, we found that occupancy of RNApolII, H3k4me3, H4k16ac and H3K36me3 is enhanced at loci of the upregulated/ancestral genes compared to non-upregulated/newly acquired X-linked genes. Moreover, upregulated X-linked genes showed increased burst frequency compared to the non-upregulated genes. Altogether, our study provides significant insight into the gene-wise dynamics, mechanistic basis, and evolution of XCU during early development.

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PEG3 control on the mammalian MSL complex

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Oxytocin receptor is regulated by Peg3

Oxytocin receptor is regulated by Peg3

PEG3 controls lipogenesis through ACLY

X upregulation is not global and extent of upregulation differs between ancestral and acquired X-linked genes

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