PEFC Power Generation Performance Degradation by Hydrogen Sulfide and Ammonia-Effects of Lowering Platinum Loading-

Hashimasa, Yoshiyuki; Matsuda, Yoshihisa; Imamura, Daichi; Akai, Motoaki

doi:10.5796/electrochemistry.79.343

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…1, the HOR is unaffected by the presence of up to 500 ppm of ammonium. This is in agreement with results from the Japan Automobile Research Institute in a fuel cell setup where they do not observe any effect of Pt loading in the anode in the presence of ammonia [13]. We note that the HOR on Pt in liquid based acidic electrolyte is a very challenging reaction to study.…”

Section: Effects Of Ammonium On the Hydrogen Oxidation Reactionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The effect of ammonia upon the electrocatalysis of hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction on polycrystalline platinum

Verdaguer‐Casadevall

Fernández

Stephens

et al. 2012

Journal of Power Sources

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Section: Effects Of Ammonium On the Hydrogen Oxidation Reactionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The effect of ammonia upon the electrocatalysis of hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction on polycrystalline platinum

Verdaguer‐Casadevall

Fernández

Stephens

et al. 2012

Journal of Power Sources

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“…For pure Pt electrodes, the voltage drop was found to increase by 25% when the Pt-loading decreased from 400 to 50 µg/cm 2 if 1 ppm CO was introduced [12,13]. A similar trend was observed for H 2 S, where the tolerance of the electrode was found to decreased proportionally with the reduction in the anode loading [14]. It is expected that this trend would continue for ultralow loadings (<50 µg PGM /cm 2 ), but so far there has been no study in the literature that has investigated the tolerance of such ultralow anodic loadings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The study presented here therefore seeks to add to the studies by Hashimasa et al [12,14] by investigating the tolerance of ultralow-loaded anodic platinum catalyst layers. Two different types of contaminants were selected: CO, as its poisoning effect is fully reversible, while in contrast, H 2 S typically poisons the catalyst irreversibly during regular fuel cell operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance and Recovery of Ultralow-Loaded Platinum Anode Electrodes upon Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Exposure

2019

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The effects of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in concentrations close to their respective limits in the Hydrogen Quality Standard ISO 14687-2:2012 on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) with ultralow-loaded platinum anode catalyst layers (CLs) were investigated. The anodic loadings were 50, 25, and 15 µg/cm2, which represent the current state-of-the-art, target, and stretch target, respectively, for future automotive PEMFCs. Additionally, the effect of shut-down and start-up (SD/SU) processes on recovery from sulfur poisoning was investigated. CO at an ISO concentration of 0.2 ppm caused severe voltage losses of ~40–50% for ultralow-loaded anode CLs. When H2S was in the fuel, these anode CLs exhibited both a nonlinear decrease in tolerance toward sulfur and an improved self-recovery during shut-down and start-up (SD/SU) processes. This observation was hypothesized to have resulted from the decrease in the ratio between CL thickness and geometric cell area, as interfacial effects of water in the pores increasingly impacted the performance of ultrathin CLs. The results indicate that during the next discussions on the Hydrogen Quality Standard, a reduction in the CO limit could be a reasonable alternative considering future PEMFC anodic loadings, while the H2S limit might not require modification.

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“…can be reached with current MEA state-of-the-art in stationary by-product hydrogen application [1]. The catalyst loading and type is significant for contaminant tolerance, as shown by Hashimasa et al [4,5]. With higher catalyst loading better contaminant tolerance can be reached, but this increases catalyst cost, which is not considered acceptable in cost-sensitive applications, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

A 50 kW PEMFC Pilot Plant Operated with Industry Grade Hydrogen – System Design and Site Integration

et al. 2014

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The chlor‐alkali industry produces high amounts of hydrogen as a by‐product of processes based on electrolytic cells. In order to improve the process' efficiency, plant operators seek ways to utilize this potential and fuel cells offer a sensible solution, producing electricity at high efficiency. PEMFC has already been demonstrated to be successful in this niche market application with a few commercial scale installations. In the DuraDemo project, a 50 kW stationary PEMFC pilot plant has been designed in a publicly funded national project involving partners from different parts of the value chain. The plant serves as an experimental platform for evaluation of BoP and power electronics components, as well as hydrogen quality studies. The system design is targeted to be commercially viable and a large amount of extra instrumentation and experimental monitoring equipment are utilized in the pilot plant to analyze its behavior. The pilot plant is fully automated and capable of independent operation with remote monitoring and data logging capability. The system design of the pilot plant is presented, including BoP component selection and characterization of the main components. Final assembly testing results, integration of the plant at its demonstration site and safety analysis work will be reported.

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PEFC Power Generation Performance Degradation by Hydrogen Sulfide and Ammonia-Effects of Lowering Platinum Loading-

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

The effect of ammonia upon the electrocatalysis of hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction on polycrystalline platinum

The effect of ammonia upon the electrocatalysis of hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction on polycrystalline platinum

Tolerance and Recovery of Ultralow-Loaded Platinum Anode Electrodes upon Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Exposure

A 50 kW PEMFC Pilot Plant Operated with Industry Grade Hydrogen – System Design and Site Integration

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