Peer Influence on IPV by Young Adult Males: Investigating the Case for a Social Norms Approach

McKool, Marissa; Stephenson, Rob; Winskell, Kate; Tharp, Andra Teten; Parrott, Dominic J.

doi:10.1177/0886260517725735

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“… 50 52 For young men, it is possible that a relative lack of relationship experiences, masculine-identity seeking and vulnerability to peer influence 50 52 increase their tendency to perpetrate violence. 53 These findings have implications for the design of future preventive interventions for different subpopulations, especially men in the younger age groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Household food insecurity and its association with self-reported male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a survey of two districts in central and western Uganda

Awungafac

Mugamba²,

Nalugoda³

et al. 2021

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the lifetime prevalence of male-perpetrated intimate partner violence (IPV), and to assess the association with food insecurity, sociodemographic factors and health risk behaviours in Uganda in the year preceding COVID-19-associated lockdowns.DesignPopulation-based, cross-sectional household survey.SettingUrban, semiurban and rural communities of the Wakiso and Hoima districts in Uganda.ParticipantsA total of N=2014 males aged 13–80 years participated in the survey. The current study included males who reported having ever been in a sexual union and responded to the IPV questions (N=1314).MeasuresData were collected face-to-face from May 2018 to July 2019 using an interviewer-mediated questionnaire. Lifetime IPV perpetration was measured as ‘no physical and/or sexual IPV’, ‘physical’ versus ‘sexual violence only’, and ‘physical and sexual violence’. Past-year food insecurity was measured through the Food Insecurity Experience Scale and categorised into ‘none’, ‘low’ and ‘high’. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the crude and adjusted relative risk ratios (aRRRs) of IPV perpetration in relation to self-reported food insecurity, adjusting for sociodemographic and health risk behaviours.ResultsThe prevalence of self-reported lifetime IPV perpetration was 14.6% for physical and 6.5% for sexual violence, while 5.3% reported to have perpetrated both physical and sexual IPV. Most (75.7%) males reported no food insecurity, followed by low (20.7%) and high (3.6%) food insecurity. In adjusted models, food insecurity was associated with increased risk of having perpetrated both physical and sexual violence (aRRR=2.57, 95% CI 1.52 to 4.32). IPV perpetration was also independently associated with having had more than one lifetime sexual partner and drinking alcohol, but not with education level or religion.ConclusionThis study suggests that food insecurity is associated with male IPV perpetration, and more efforts are needed to prevent and mitigate the expected worsening of this situation as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Household food insecurity and its association with self-reported male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a survey of two districts in central and western Uganda

Awungafac

Mugamba²,

Nalugoda³

et al. 2021

BMJ Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…, McKool et al . ), are highly gendered. As a result, the emerging stream of work on ‘social norms’ has begun to elide with earlier efforts to address ‘gender norms’, creating some confusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender norms and social norms: differences, similarities and why they matter in prevention science

Cislaghi

Heise

2019

Sociology Health & Illness

248

191

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Two streams of theory and practice on gender equity have begun to elide. The first is work conducted to change social norms, particularly using theory that emerged from studies in social psychology. The second is work done on gender norms, emerging historically from feminist scholars working to counter gender inequality. As these two streams of work intersect, conceptual clarity is needed to understand differences and similarities between these two traditions. Increased clarity will improve efforts to address harmful norms and practices. In this article, we review similarities and differences between social and gender norms, reviewing the history of the concepts and identifying key tension points of contrast. We identified six areas of comparison that might be helpful for practitioners working for the promotion of global health as they make sense of social and gender norms. We then offer a definition of gender norms for practitioners and researchers working at the intersection between these two theories. Our definition draws from the two different streams of thought of how norms influence people's actions, acknowledging the double nature of gender norms: beliefs nested in people's minds and embedded in institutions that profoundly affect health-related behaviours and shape differential access to health services.

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“…(Finer & Philbin, 2013;Glick & Golden, 2014;Holmes, 2009;Sandfort et al, 2008)There is also no published research on how coercion may factor into age-appropriate sexual relationships of adolescent MSM, but one study of young adult males showed a high prevalence (67%) of sexual violence with partners. (McKool, Stephenson, Winskell, Teten Tharp, & Parrott, 2017) A new adolescent couples HIV prevention trial is designed to capture some of this relationship data and may help inform better measurement of early sexual partnership dynamics. (Gamarel, Darbes, Hightow-Weidman, Sullivan, & Stephenson, 2019) Finally, the study was intended to identify age of initiation of sex with men, but we did not ask questions about the age of initiation of sex with females to allow us to determine an absolute age of first sex for comparability with other previous general population studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth Cohort and Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Age of First Oral and Anal Sex Among U.S. Men Who Have Sex with Men

et al. 2019

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Earlier age of first sex has potential direct and indirect health effects later in life. Though there are multiple nationwide general population studies on ages of first sex, there is no such nationwide study of first male-male oral or anal sex among men who have sex with men (MSM). This may be important for understanding racial/ethnic disparities in HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) acquisition among young racial/ethnic minority MSM. Our study examined the birth cohort and racial/ethnic differences in ages of first male-male oral and anal sex using a diverse 2015 US nationwide sample of 10,217 sexually-active MSM. The mean age of first male-male oral sex was 18.0 years. Compared with older birth cohorts, those MSM born 1990-2000 were more likely to have younger age of first male-male oral sex. Compared to white MSM, Hispanic MSM and non-Hispanic black MSM were more likely to have younger age of first male-male oral sex with a man. The mean age of first male-male anal sex was 20.3 years. Compared with older birth cohorts, those MSM born 1990-2000 were more likely to have younger age of first male-male anal sex. Compared to white MSM, MSM of all other racial/ethnic groups were more likely to have younger age of first male-male anal sex. These findings emphasize the need for comprehensive and MSMinclusive sexual health education for young teens and online sexual health resources for young gay, bisexual, queer and other MSM.

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Peer Influence on IPV by Young Adult Males: Investigating the Case for a Social Norms Approach

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Household food insecurity and its association with self-reported male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a survey of two districts in central and western Uganda

Household food insecurity and its association with self-reported male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a survey of two districts in central and western Uganda

Gender norms and social norms: differences, similarities and why they matter in prevention science

Birth Cohort and Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Age of First Oral and Anal Sex Among U.S. Men Who Have Sex with Men

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