PEEK for Oral Applications: Recent Advances in Mechanical and Adhesive Properties

Abstract

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a thermoplastic material widely used in engineering applications due to its good biomechanical properties and high temperature stability. Compared to traditional metal and ceramic dental materials, PEEK dental implants exhibit less stress shielding, thus better matching the mechanical properties of bone. As a promising medical material, PEEK can be used as implant abutments, removable and fixed prostheses, and maxillofacial prostheses. It can be blended with materials such as fibers and ceramics to improve its mechanical strength for better clinical dental applications. Compared to conventional pressed and CAD/CAM milling fabrication, 3D-printed PEEK exhibits excellent flexural and tensile strength and parameters such as printing temperature and speed can affect its mechanical properties. However, the bioinert nature of PEEK can make adhesive bonding difficult. The bond strength can be improved by roughening or introducing functional groups on the PEEK surface by sandblasting, acid etching, plasma treatment, laser treatment, and adhesive systems. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the research progress on the mechanical properties of PEEK for dental applications in the context of specific applications, composites, and their preparation processes. In addition, the research on the adhesive properties of PEEK over the past few years is highlighted. Thus, this review aims to build a conceptual and practical toolkit for the study of the mechanical and adhesive properties of PEEK materials. More importantly, it provides a rationale and a general new basis for the application of PEEK in the dental field.

Advancement in total hip implant: a comprehensive review of mechanics and performance parameters across diverse novelties

“…132 Specifically, PEEK materials possess mechanical properties closely resembling human bone, including a density of 1.3 g cm −3 , Martens hardness of 190 N mm −2 , tensile strength of 100 MPa, elastic modulus of 6 GPa, and bending strength of 170 MPa. 133 However, CFR PEEK is also proposed for hip implant application which is a composite material that strengthens PEEK by adding carbon fibers. This reinforcement significantly enhances the mechanical properties of PEEK, making it stronger, more wear-resistant, and better suited for applications where higher strength and durability are required, such as orthopaedic implants like hip implants.…”

Bond Strength of Sandblasted PEEK with Dental Methyl Methacrylate-Based Cement or Composite-Based Resin Cement

“…In addition to the use of chemical, physical, and mechanical approaches to increase the bond strength between PEEK and an adhesive, the adhesive system itself is partly responsible for determining the resulting bond strength. For instance, the combination of an adhesive primer and resin cement has been demonstrated as a reliable adhesive system for bonding PEEK [6,27], wherein methyl methacrylate (MMA)-containing adhesive primers are particularly effective for bonding PEEK to resin cement [27,28]. Previous studies have reported that two MMA-containing primers, namely Visio.link and Signum PEEK Bond, can improve the bond strength of PEEK [6,29,30].…”

Improvement of the Surface Properties of Polyether Ether Ketone via Arc Evaporation for Biomedical Applications

“…The use of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) can solve this problem since the elastic modulus of this polymer is close to that of natural bone [6]. In addition, compared to titanium, PEEK has advantages in terms of manufacturing and processing, which in this case is mainly done by 3D printing [7,8]. However, the main disadvantage of PEEK is its bioinertness, which results in low bioactivity and prevents its integration into bone tissue [6,9].…”