Pediatricians?? Perceptions of the Effectiveness of Early Intervention for At-Risk and Handicapped Children

Guralnick, Michael J.; Heiser, Karen E.; Eaton, Antoinette Parisi; Bennett, Forrest C.; Richardson, Heather; Groom, Joseph M.

doi:10.1097/00004703-198802000-00003

“…[63][64][65][66] To be efficient, the programs should include the major groups of children at risk: a) group with an established diagnosis, for instance, syndromes in which delays are a natural part of the course of the disease, would have an intervention for the improvement of infants and/or children with growth and behavior retardation with established disabilities; 67 with regard to the group of children at biological risk, usually related to pregnancy and/or birth conditions, as is the case of preterm babies, preventive interventions should be implemented for infants with increased biomedical risk; 68 finally, the group of children who have social risks related to unfavorable socioeconomic conditions, poor family structure and inappropriate health care, the strategy includes preventive interventions for infants and children with increased environmental risk. [69][70][71]30 It is quite difficult to distinguish the actual impact of social variables from the impact of biological variables, since the relationship between them is quite complex, thus hindering the interpretation of results and consequently the intervention.…”

Section: Environmental Risk Factors and Mechanisms Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influências ambientais na saúde mental da criança

Halpern¹,

Figueiras²

2004

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Objective: To present an up-to-date review about environmental influences on child mental health, describing major risk factors and discussing recommendations for intervention by pediatricians.Sources of data: MEDLINE, PsycLIT and Lilacs, technical books and publications about child development and child and adolescent mental health problems and health promotion.Summary of the findings: Children are exposed to multiple risk factors, among them high prevalence of disease, premature birth, being born from a problematic pregnancy, and living in poverty. This negative chain of events increases the risk for emotional problems. The negative effects on development and behavior result from the complex interaction between genetic, biological, psychological and environmental risk factors. The main factors influencing the mental health of children are the social and psychological environment. The cumulative risk effect is more important in determining emotional problems in children than the presence of one single stressor, regardless of its magnitude. Conclusion:Environmental factors play an important role in the etiology of emotional problems in childhood. An adequate clinical investigation allows pediatricians to identify risk factors for the development of mental health problems and to ensure early intervention for children at risk.

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“…Para um funcionamento adequado, os programas devem abranger os principais grupos de crianças de risco: a) em grupos com diagnósticos estabelecidos, como, por exemplo, as síndromes diversas, em que os atrasos fazem parte da história natural da doença, deveria ser proposta uma intervenção para melhorar lactentes e/ou crianças com retardo do desenvolvimento e comportamento com incapacidades já instaladas 67 ; b) quanto ao grupo de crianças com risco biológico, geralmente relacionado às condições de gestação e/ou nascimento, como é o caso dos recém-nascidos pré-termo, a proposta seria de intervenções preventivas para lactentes e crianças com aumento de risco biomédico 68 ; c) por último, considerando o grupo de crianças que apresentam riscos sociais relacionados com condições socioeconômicas desfavoráveis, estrutura familiar deficiente e cuidados de saúde inadequados, a estratégia consistiria de intervenções preventivas para lactentes e crianças, com aumento de risco ambiental [69][70][71]30 .…”

Section: Fatores De Risco Ambientais E Mecanismos De Atuaçãounclassified

Environmental influences on child mental health

Halpern¹,

Figueiras²

2004

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Objective: To present an up-to-date review about environmental influences on child mental health, describing major risk factors and discussing recommendations for intervention by pediatricians.Sources of data: MEDLINE, PsycLIT and Lilacs, technical books and publications about child development and child and adolescent mental health problems and health promotion.Summary of the findings: Children are exposed to multiple risk factors, among them high prevalence of disease, premature birth, being born from a problematic pregnancy, and living in poverty. This negative chain of events increases the risk for emotional problems. The negative effects on development and behavior result from the complex interaction between genetic, biological, psychological and environmental risk factors. The main factors influencing the mental health of children are the social and psychological environment. The cumulative risk effect is more important in determining emotional problems in children than the presence of one single stressor, regardless of its magnitude. Conclusion:Environmental factors play an important role in the etiology of emotional problems in childhood. An adequate clinical investigation allows pediatricians to identify risk factors for the development of mental health problems and to ensure early intervention for children at risk.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2004;80(2 Supl):S104-S110: Child mental health, risk factors, environment, child development, early intervention.

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“…the child as he/she appears in his/her interactions with the environment. Consequently, the prior significance given to skill training has in part been replaced by a focus on family and on interaction (Guralnick andBennett,1987, andMarfo andCook, 1991), i.e. the target of intervention is no longer taken to be the child as such but rather the child-environment context.…”

Section: Recent Trends In Early Interventionimplications For Early Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early intervention with children with Down syndrome - Past and future issues

Nilholm¹

1996

Downs Syndr. Res. Pract.

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Firstly, research addressing early intervention in Down syndrome is discussed. It is argued, in contrast to prior reviewers, that early intervention in Down syndrome does seem to yield positive effects in different developmental domains. However, the evidence of long-term effects appears to be mixed, albeit the implications of this state of affairs are arguable. Secondly, some recent trends in early intervention research are outlined. The implications of the recent emphasis on pinpointing strengths and weaknesses in Down syndrome and the emergent recognition of the importance of the context of child development are spelled out. The consequences of a contextualized approach to child development is discussed particularly in relation to the notions of outcome variables and the wider context of development, i.e. in terms of the impact of early intervention on families and the long-term goals of early intervention. Finally, it is argued that the time seems ripe to situate the early intervention movement in its sociocultural context, i.e. in the nexus of political, ideological and scientific factors.

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Pediatricians?? Perceptions of the Effectiveness of Early Intervention for At-Risk and Handicapped Children

Cited by 47 publications

References 7 publications

Influências ambientais na saúde mental da criança

Influências ambientais na saúde mental da criança

Environmental influences on child mental health

Early intervention with children with Down syndrome - Past and future issues

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