Pediatric trauma patients

Orliaguet, Gilles; Lejay, M.

doi:10.1097/00075198-199912000-00016

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It is possible that the incidence and response to the second insults might also contribute to the diffuse nature of their resultant injury. 12,13 Similar to the adult, biomechanical forces involved in pediatric TBI include contact and inertial forces. Contact forces result in direct injuries, for example, occur when the head strikes an object and is associated with linear force vectors.…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Brain Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygen content differ; and it is believed that there is increased susceptibility to hypoxia and hypotension in young children. 12,13 Studies demonstrate that soon after TBI, CBF reduction may cause cortical hypoperfusion and ischemia, which are associated with a poor prognosis. 16 After 24 hours, CBF increases with an apparent dissociation of CBF and oxidative cerebral metabolism (cerebral metabolic rate of O 2 [CMRO 2 ]).…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Brain Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, there has been renewed interest in hypertonic, 3% sodium chloride (3%NaCl). 13,40 Rat head injury models and clinical studies in children demonstrate that both mannitol and hypertonic saline reduce ICP, but the effect of hypertonic saline may be greater and longer lasting.…”

Section: Osmolar Agents and Diureticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The ABCs of Pediatric Head Trauma

Mazzola¹,

Adelson²

2002

Seminars in Neurosurgery

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Traumatic injury is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, and causes over half of all childhood deaths. 1-4 Mortality rates of 30 to 50% have been reported for children with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Although children have better survival rates than adults, the long-term sequelae are more devastating in children due to their age and extended life expectancy. 5 Costs involved in care of a child with head injury, extended over the lifetime of the patient, are tremendous. It is unfortunate that despite preventive measures, TBI remains the major morbidity and mortality factor for children. KEYWORDS: Brain injury, diffuse axonal injury, intracranial pressure, pediatric, shaken baby, traumaObjectives: Upon completion of this article, the reader should be able to: (1) summarize the key components of the initial trauma assessment in children with TBI; (2) know the indications for computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric head trauma; and (3) know the goals of treatment for these children.

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Section: Pathophysiology Of Brain Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%