Pediatric Surgery remains the only true General Surgery

How to deal with rare pediatric surgical diseases in the small developing country with limited resources: Insights from Bosnia and Herzegovina

“…Pediatric surgery is essential for the proper treatment of these patients. However, despite the huge gain in knowledge and the increased complexity of techniques that have fragmented adult surgery into multiple subspecialties, pediatric surgery remains the only true general surgery [9]. This is especially reflected in developing countries with limited financial and human resources, such as Bosnia and Herzegovina, where pediatric surgeons perform the full spectrum of pediatric surgical procedures as general pediatric surgeons since there is no possibility of obtaining a subspecialty in pediatric surgery, e.g., neonatal surgery.…”

“…The fact that the neonate is born with its unique physiological features within a very narrow range of normalcy, beyond which it is helpless to cope with adverse settings, presents a special difficulty in neonatal surgery. Congenital anomalies can affect multiple organs/systems, requiring a deep knowledge of embryology and fetal biology and top-level expertise [9]. It also requires a high level of preoperative, operative, and postoperative management achieved in close multidisciplinary cooperation between physicians of various specialties to improve the survival and health of newborns.…”

Tele-consent using mixed reality glasses (NREAL) in pediatric inguinal herniorrhaphy: a preliminary study

“…When pediatric patients undergo surgery, some intraoperative findings may require giving explanations to and obtaining consent from caregivers. This situation occurs more often in pediatric surgeries than in adult surgeries; this is likely because pediatric surgery encompasses a large variety of disease groups, with most of them being benign diseases, so it is important to preserve the organs as much as possible during surgery 1 . Pediatric surgery can also be difficult because of limitations in pre-operative imaging due to radiation exposure, the need for sedation treatment, and the small body cavity.…”