Pediatric stone disease: Current management and future concepts

Önal, Bülent; Kırlı, Elif Altınay

doi:10.5152/turkarchpediatr.2021.20273

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However, in the study reported from Cameroon, the authors found a very high rate of bladder stones, and they ascribed this finding to insufficient diuresis and infections associated with malnutrition ( 16 ). It is widely accepted that bladder stones are common in Africa due to relatively higher malnutrition rates associated with diminished phosphorus consumption and vitamin A intake ( 17 ). Onal et al reported that the rate of pediatric bladder stones was in the range of 1–5% in industrialized countries ( 17 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is widely accepted that bladder stones are common in Africa due to relatively higher malnutrition rates associated with diminished phosphorus consumption and vitamin A intake ( 17 ). Onal et al reported that the rate of pediatric bladder stones was in the range of 1–5% in industrialized countries ( 17 ). In our study, the rate of bladder stones was 14.5%, which is a significantly higher rate than those reported by Onal et al…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Features and Surgical Outcomes of the Children With Urolithiasis at a Tertiary Care Hospital: First Report From Somalia

Eraslan¹,

Mohamed²,

Çimen³

2022

Front. Pediatr.

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IntroductionThere are very few studies regarding pediatric urolithiasis (PU) reported from Africa, and to date, no data have been presented from Somalia. This study evaluated the sociodemographic and radiological characteristics, treatment, and outcome data of the PU patients treated at Somalia's only tertiary care center.MethodThe data of all patients diagnosed with urolithiasis during a 6-year period were reviewed. Only pediatric (age <18) urolithiasis patients were included. Demographic parameters, radiological features, stone characteristics, treatment, and outcome data were collected and analyzed.ResultsOverall, 227 (127 male, 100 female) patients were included. The rate of PU was 8.1%. The mean patient age was 12.7 ± 3.2. More than two-thirds of the patients (n = 161, 70.9%) were adolescents. The stones were located in the kidney in 50.7%, the ureter in 33%, and the bladder in 14.5%. Distal ureteral stones (36%) accounted for the majority of ureteral stones, followed by the ureterovesical junction (26.7%) and proximal ureteral (24%) stones. The mean stone size was 16.2 mm. Most (42.3%) stones had a 10–20 mm diameter, while 23.3% were sized between 6 and 10 mm. Renal insufficiency was present in 5.3%. Among 227 patients, 101 (44.5%) underwent minimally invasive procedures including ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy (n = 40, 18%), retrograde intrarenal surgery (n = 30, 13.2%) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (n = 31, 14%). Open pyelolithotomy was the most common surgery performed (n = 53, 22.3%). Surgical site infection developed following 3.5% of the open surgery cases. The stone-free rate was 91.3%. It was significantly higher in open cases (98%) compared to the cases performed via a minimally invasive approach (83%) (p = 0.02).ConclusionIn Somalia, PU is more common than in many other countries. Open surgery continues to be the primary treatment modality for children with urolithiasis due to the restricted endourology resources. However, minimally invasive approaches have evolved over the last years.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Features and Surgical Outcomes of the Children With Urolithiasis at a Tertiary Care Hospital: First Report From Somalia

Eraslan¹,

Mohamed²,

Çimen³

2022

Front. Pediatr.

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“…Larger stones > 2 cm with pain, infection, hematuria, and stone growth are treated surgically/PCNL. Stones < 2 cm can be treated with flexible ureteroscopy, ESWL, or miniaturized PCNL ( 16 ). However, patients with cystinuria have a higher risk of chronic kidney disease and early onset hypertension and therefore need regular follow-up ( 11 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antenatal urolithiasis: A case report

2022

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IntroductionAlthough pediatric urolithiasis is an established entity, its antenatal diagnosis is rare. We hereby report a case detected at 20 weeks gestation and discuss the etiopathogenesis, predisposition, and surveillance following intervention.Case reportA 2-year-old girl with left renal pelvic calculus detected antenatally at 20 weeks was evaluated. Left hydronephrosis, obstructive pelvic calculus with a decrease in differential renal function on ethylene dicysteine (EC) renogram was confirmed. The metabolic workup was normal. Following stone extraction by left pyelolithotomy, a left ureteropelvic junction obstruction secondary to a mucosal valve was apparent which was excised and left pyeloplasty was done. Stone analysis revealed 100% cystine. Differential renal function and drainage improved post-surgery. The child, however, did not have a follow-up in the interim and presented with a recurrent stone one and a half years later.ConclusionKnowledge of antenatal urolithiasis ensures continued follow-up, evaluation for metabolic disorders, and associated structural defects, especially with increasing stone size and increasing hydronephrosis. This helps in timely intervention and continued surveillance.

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“…El cuadro clínico de cálculos renales y/o en el sistema excretor en los niños puede ser muy variable, tan típico como en los adultos con la presencia de cólico abdominal y/o lumbar localizado o referido, y asociado o no a hematuria macroscópica, pero también con manifestaciones de carácter muy inespecífico como náuseas, vómitos, anorexia y malestar (5)(42) (43), sobre todo en aquellos lactantes y preescolares, pero incluso puede también documentarse litiasis como un hallazgo incidental. En los pacientes analizados hubo sintomatología en todos los casos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Comparison of efficacy and safety of minimally invasive procedures for 10–20 mm pediatric renal Stones—A bayesian network meta-analysis

Zhao¹,

Tang³

et al. 2020

Journal of Pediatric Urology

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Pediatric stone disease: Current management and future concepts

Cited by 11 publications

References 47 publications

Clinical Features and Surgical Outcomes of the Children With Urolithiasis at a Tertiary Care Hospital: First Report From Somalia

Clinical Features and Surgical Outcomes of the Children With Urolithiasis at a Tertiary Care Hospital: First Report From Somalia

Antenatal urolithiasis: A case report

Comparison of efficacy and safety of minimally invasive procedures for 10–20 mm pediatric renal Stones—A bayesian network meta-analysis

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