Pediatric RSV Infection During Two Winter Seasons in British Columbia: A Role for Subgroup Analysis in Young Children?

Wilson, Eileen; Örvell, Claes; Morrison, Brenda J.; Thomas, Eva

doi:10.1155/1990/280467

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Several studies have evaluated differences in clinical severity between subgroups A and B, but investigations have given varying results in different locations. In about half of these studies, the RSV subtype was not correlated significantly with severity [Hendry et al, 1986[Hendry et al, , 1987Monto and Ohmit, 1989;Russi et al, 1989;Wilson et al, 1990;Tsutsumi et al, 1991;McIntosh et al, 1993;Wang et al, 1995;Kneyber et al, 1996;Bergstrasser et al, 1998;DeVincenzo, 2004]. Other studies have found RSV-A McConnochie et al, 1990;Walsh et al, 1997;Imaz et al, 2000;Papadopoulos et al, 2004] or B [Hornsleth et al, 1998] as the most severe pathogen; however, in some cases, this effect was lost when confounders were taken into account in logistic regression models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Respiratory syncytial virus infections in hospitalized infants: Association between viral load, virus subgroup, and disease severity

Fodha

Vabret

Ghedira

et al. 2007

Journal of Medical Virology

136

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The relationships between host factors, virus strain, viral load, and illness severity in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced bronchiolitis are poorly defined. These relationships were evaluated prospectively in 81 previously healthy infants hospitalized with RSV bronchiolitis. Disease severity was determined by the respiratory rate, the duration of hospitalization, and whether patients during their hospitalization required pediatric intensive care unit admission or mechanical ventilation. RSV typing into subgroup A and B was obtained by RT-PCR-hybridization assay. The nasopharyngeal RSV viral loads were measured by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Disease severity correlated significantly with the presence of risk factor (estimated gestational age < 37 weeks and/or birth weight < 2,500 g) and with chronologic age

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Respiratory syncytial virus infections in hospitalized infants: Association between viral load, virus subgroup, and disease severity

Fodha

Vabret

Ghedira

et al. 2007

Journal of Medical Virology

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies of hospitalized infants predating the introduction of molecular methods, have suggested that RSV-A was more likely to cause severe illness or necessitate intensive care when compared to RSV-B [24–26]. In contrast, and in line with multiple early studies, Monto and Ohmit found no differences in illness characteristics between the two subtypes in a community setting [27–31]. More recent studies describing the relationship between RSV subtype, viral load, and illness severity have focused primarily on hospitalized infant populations and report varied results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Epidemiology of RSV-A and RSV-B in Adults and Children with Medically-Attended Acute Respiratory Illness over Three Seasons

Begley

Leis

Petrie

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: RSV is a frequent cause of respiratory illness less often diagnosed outside hospital settings; thus, overall prevalence of RSV-associated illness is under-recognized. Information about presence of RSV among those with chronic conditions is especially needed with recent advances in vaccine development. Methods: Participants prospectively enrolled in an ambulatory surveillance study of respiratory illness (MFIVE) were tested by RT-PCR for RSV and influenza. Participant and illness characteristics were collected by in-person survey and EMR review. Chronic conditions were characterized by the Multimorbidity-weighted index (MWI). Viral factors, including subtype and viral load, were compared between RSV-A and RSV-B. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare participant and illness characteristics between those with RSV and those with influenza. Comparisons were also made across RSV subtypes. Results: Among 4,442 individuals enrolled in MFIVE from fall 2017 to spring 2020, 9.9% (n=441) had RSV detected. Participants with increased RSV viral load had increased odds of illness lasting at least 7 days (Adjusted OR=2.39 (95% CI: 1.03-5.51) p-value=0.04). Adults with RSV had higher median MWI scores compared to influenza and RSV/influenza-negative (1.62, 0.40, 0.64, respectively). Conclusions: Our findings support the need for ongoing RSV surveillance, particularly in older adults and those with multimorbidity. Our findings support a recognition of multimorbidity as a significant contributor to RSV-associated MAARI among outpatient adults, with particularly notable impacts among adults under 65.

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“…Grouping was based on substantial genetic heterogeneity (19, 33,77,131), especially involving the G glycoprotein, a protein putatively responsible for RSV attachment to cells. Antigenic variability of RSV strains and its possible role in explaining the phenomenon of reinfection (95,96,139,144,147), apparent differences in disease severity (62,88,89,98), and RSV epidemiology (4,126,128,137) are under investigation.…”

Section: Phenotypic Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperimmune globulins in prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infections

et al. 1995

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important community and nosocomial respiratory pathogen for infants and young children. RSV causes especially severe disease in the prematurely born or those with chronic cardiopulmonary diseases. Elderly persons and those with T-cell deficiencies, such as bone marrow transplant recipients, are also at high risk for serious lower respiratory tract infections. To date, prevention of RSV infections by vaccination has proven elusive and no preventive drugs exist. Studies in animals and humans have shown that the lower respiratory tract can be protected from RSV infection by sufficient circulating RSV neutralizing antibody levels. Recently, an RSV hyperimmune immune globulin (RSVIG) was developed and tested for the prevention of RSV infections or reduction of disease severity. Passive immunization of high-risk children with RSVIG during the respiratory disease season effected significant reductions in RSV infections, hospitalizations, days of hospitalization, intensive care unit admissions, days in the intensive care unit, and ribavirin use. Studies in cotton rats and owl monkeys show that RSV infections can also be treated with inhalation of immune globulin at doses substantially smaller than required for parenteral treatment. Therapeutic trials of parenteral RSVIG have been completed and are pending analysis. The use of polyclonal, hyperimmune globulins and perhaps human monoclonal antibodies provides an additional approach to the prevention and perhaps the treatment of certain viral lower respiratory tract infections such as those caused by RSV.

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Pediatric RSV Infection During Two Winter Seasons in British Columbia: A Role for Subgroup Analysis in Young Children?

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Respiratory syncytial virus infections in hospitalized infants: Association between viral load, virus subgroup, and disease severity

Respiratory syncytial virus infections in hospitalized infants: Association between viral load, virus subgroup, and disease severity

Epidemiology of RSV-A and RSV-B in Adults and Children with Medically-Attended Acute Respiratory Illness over Three Seasons

Hyperimmune globulins in prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infections

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