Pediatric pulmonary CT-scanning

Abstract

Forty three lung scans, obtained in 29 anaesthetized children, were evaluated and compared with 85 scans performed in 52 sedated children. Confluent high absorptive areas in the lower parts of the lungs were found in 35 (81%) of the scans performed in children under general anaesthesia but such areas were not found in the scans performed under sedation.--For general anaesthesia, halothane-N2O-O2 was used in all but one patient. The radiological changes are presumably due to a fall in functional residual capacity with consequent airway closure.--It is important not to misinterpret these anaesthesia-induced pulmonary changes which may obscure or mimic true pathological lesions, such as parenchymal and pleural metastases.

Clinical significance of pulmonary nodules detected by CT and Not CXR in patients treated for favorable histology Wilms tumor on national Wilms tumor studies‐4 and ‐5: A report from the Children's Oncology Group

“…CT-detected lung lesions that look like metastases may instead be infectious granulomata, normal intrapulmonary lymph nodes, hamartomas, round pneumonia, inflammatory pseudotumor, or round atelectasis (19;20). The latter is especially common if the CT is done under general anesthetic (21). …”

Contribution of multiple inert gas elimination technique to pulmonary medicine. 6. Ventilation-perfusion relationships during anaesthesia.

“…39 The densities appear both during spontaneous breathing and after muscle paralysis, and during both inhalational and intravenous (barbiturate) anaesthesia. 40 In anaesthetised sheep and horses similar densities in dependent lung regions were seen, and subsequent morphological analysis showed them to be atelectasis with little or no interstitial oedema or vascular congestion."…”

Postural lung recruitment assessed by lung ultrasound in mechanically ventilated children

“…The incidence of atelectasis in mechanically ventilated children with healthy lungs is as high as 68–100% [ 1 – 4 ]. Anesthesia-induced atelectasis has been well described by different imaging techniques such as CT, MRI and lung ultrasound (LUS) [ 1 – 5 ].…”

“…The incidence of atelectasis in mechanically ventilated children with healthy lungs is as high as 68–100% [ 1 – 4 ]. Anesthesia-induced atelectasis has been well described by different imaging techniques such as CT, MRI and lung ultrasound (LUS) [ 1 – 5 ]. The main mechanism leading to atelectasis formation during anesthesia is a decrease in functional residual capacity due to lung compression through the dysfunctional diaphragm by abdominal content [ 6 , 7 ].…”