Pediatric Psychopharmacology for Treatment of ADHD, Depression, and Anxiety

Adolescent mental health: A guide for the primary care provider

“…Conditions are diagnosed using specific criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed., and treatment guidelines are available for managing adolescent anxiety and depression via primary care. 34,35 Moderate-to-severe and complex/ comorbid conditions managed with pharmacologic and cognitive behavioral therapies from mental health specialists have the best long-term outcomes. Although adolescents with suicidal ideation require immediate interventions, primary care providers may initiate pharmacologic therapy for adolescent depression and anxiety.…”

“…Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs; citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine) are the accepted first-line agents. 34,35 It is important to remember that these medications do include a black box warning for possible increased suicidal thoughts and behaviors in children, adolescents, and young adults, requiring close monitoring and education of the patient and family. As multiple studies support the combination of an SSRI and psychotherapy as more effective than either of these treatment modalities alone, the clinician should also facilitate referral to mental health counseling.…”